Dahms Hans-Uwe, Ying Xu, Pfeiffer Cornelia
Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Biofouling. 2006;22(5-6):317-27. doi: 10.1080/08927010600967261.
Cyanobacteria produce a variety of bioactive metabolites that may have allelochemical functions in the natural environment, such as in the prevention of fouling by colonising organisms. Chemical compounds from cyanobacteria are also of biotechnological interest, especially for clinical applications, because of their antibiotic, algicidal, cytotoxic, immunosupressive and enzyme inhibiting activities. Cyanobacterial metabolites have the potential for use in antifouling technology, since they show antibacterial, antialgal, antifungal and antimacrofouling properties which could be expoited in the prevention of biofouling on man-made substrata in the aquatic environment. Molecules with antifouling activity represent a number of types including fatty acids, lipopeptides, amides, alkaloids, terpenoids, lactones, pyrroles and steroids. The isolation of biogenic compounds and the determination of their structure may provide leads for future development of, for example, environmentally friendly antifouling paints. An advantage of exploring the efficacy of cyanobacterial products is that the organisms can be grown in mass culture, which can be manipulated to achieve optimal production of bioactive substances. Phycotoxins and related products from cyanobacteria may serve as materials for antimicro- and antimacrofouling applications. A survey of antibiotic compounds with antifouling potential revealed more than 21 different antifouling substances from 27 strains of cyanobacteria.
蓝藻产生多种生物活性代谢产物，这些产物在自然环境中可能具有化感功能，比如防止定殖生物造成污损。蓝藻产生的化合物在生物技术领域也备受关注，特别是在临床应用方面，因为它们具有抗生素、杀藻、细胞毒性、免疫抑制和酶抑制活性。蓝藻代谢产物具有用于防污技术的潜力，因为它们表现出抗菌、抗藻、抗真菌和抗大型污损的特性，可用于防止水生环境中人造基质上的生物污损。具有防污活性的分子包括脂肪酸、脂肽、酰胺、生物碱、萜类、内酯、吡咯和类固醇等多种类型。生物源化合物的分离及其结构的确定可能为例如环保型防污涂料的未来发展提供线索。探索蓝藻产品功效的一个优势在于，这些生物可以大规模培养，通过调控培养条件可实现生物活性物质的最优产量。蓝藻产生的藻毒素及相关产品可作为抗微生物和抗大型污损应用的材料。一项对具有防污潜力的抗生素化合物的调查显示，从27株蓝藻中发现了21种以上不同的防污物质。
