Arends J J, Zeigler H P
Biopsychology Program, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021.
J Comp Neurol. 1991 Apr 8;306(2):245-72. doi: 10.1002/cne.903060204.
The projections of the deep cerebellar nuclei in the pigeon have been delineated using autoradiographic and histochemical (WGA-HRP) tracing techniques. A medial (CbM) and lateral (CbL) cerebellar nucleus are recognized and CbM may be further partitioned into internal, intermediate, and intercalate divisions. As in mammals, most extracerebellar projections of CbM travel in the fasciculus uncinatus (FU); the rest travel with those of CbL in the brachium conjunctivum (BC). In the pigeon, both of these pathways are bilaterally but primarily contralaterally projecting systems. FU is a predominantly descending tract, with terminations within (1) the vestibular complex, (2) a column of contiguous medial reticular nuclei from pontine to caudal medullary levels; (3) the plexus of Horsley portion of the parvicellular reticular formation, continuing through the nucleus centralis medullae oblongatae, pars dorsalis, into intermediate layer VII of the cervical spinal cord, down to cervical segment 8-9; (4) the lateral reticular nucleus and the paragigantocellular reticular nucleus; (5) the dorsal lamella of the inferior olive. Rostrally FU terminals are found in the locus ceruleus and dorsal subcerulean nucleus. Minimal FU projections are also seen to the motor trigeminal nucleus and the subnucleus oralis of the descending trigeminal system. A small projection from the intercalate division of CbM travels in BC and projects upon the midbrain central grey, the intercollicular nucleus, the lateral tectal periventricular grey, the stratum cellulare externum and, sparsely, upon the dorsolateral thalamus. The bulk of BC originates from the lateral cerebellar nucleus and consists of a massive ascending and a small descending branch. The ascending system projects upon the red nucleus and the dorsally adjacent interstitial nucleus of Cajal and midbrain central grey, the prerubral fields continuing into the stratum cellulare externum, the nucleus intercalatus thalami, the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus, the medial spiriform nucleus, the nucleus principalis precommissuralis, the nucleus of the basal optic root, the nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars ventralis, the dorsolateral thalamus, including the dorsal intermediate posterior, and the dorsolateral intermediate and anterior nuclei. BC also contains axons from the infracerebellar nucleus, which projects upon the trochlear and the oculomotor nuclei. The descending branch of BC distributes to the papilioform nucleus, the medial pontine nucleus, the gigantocellular and paramedian reticular nuclei, and, minimally, the rostral portions of the medial column and ventral lamella of the inferior olive. Taken in conjunction with data on amphibia and reptiles the present findings suggest that the fundamental ground plan of vertebrate cerebellar organization involves a medial and lateral cerebellar nucleus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
运用放射自显影和组织化学（WGA-HRP）追踪技术，已描绘出鸽子小脑深部核团的投射情况。可识别出一个内侧小脑核（CbM）和一个外侧小脑核（CbL），CbM可进一步分为内侧、中间和插入部。与哺乳动物一样，CbM的大多数小脑外投射通过钩束（FU）走行；其余的则与CbL的投射一起通过结合臂（BC）走行。在鸽子中，这两条通路都是双侧的，但主要是对侧投射系统。FU主要是一条下行束，其终末位于：（1）前庭复合体；（2）从脑桥到延髓尾端水平的一列相邻内侧网状核；（3）小细胞网状结构的霍斯利部分的神经丛，继续通过延髓中央内侧核背侧部，进入颈髓中间层VII，直至颈段8-9；（4）外侧网状核和旁巨细胞网状核；（5）下橄榄核的背侧薄片。在嘴侧，FU终末见于蓝斑和蓝斑下背核。也可见到少量FU投射至运动三叉神经核和下行三叉神经系统的口侧亚核。CbM插入部的一小部分投射通过BC走行，并投射到中脑中央灰质、顶盖间核、外侧顶盖脑室周灰质、细胞外层，以及稀疏地投射到背外侧丘脑。BC的大部分起源于外侧小脑核，由一条粗大的上行支和一条细小的下行支组成。上行系统投射到红核、背侧相邻的 Cajal 间质核和中脑中央灰质、红核前区继续进入细胞外层、丘脑间插核、腹外侧丘脑核、内侧螺旋状核、连合前主核、基底视神经根核、外侧膝状体腹侧部、背外侧丘脑，包括背中间后核，以及背外侧中间核和前核。BC还包含来自小脑下核的轴突，该核投射到滑车神经核和动眼神经核。BC的下行支分布到乳头状核、脑桥内侧核、巨细胞和旁正中网状核，以及少量投射到下橄榄核内侧柱和腹侧薄片的嘴侧部分。结合两栖动物和爬行动物的数据，目前的研究结果表明，脊椎动物小脑组织的基本结构包括一个内侧小脑核和一个外侧小脑核。（摘要截选至400词）
