West Robert, Carlson Laura, Cohen Anna-Lisa
University of Notre Dame, United States.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2007 Jun;64(3):269-77. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2006.09.006. Epub 2006 Nov 15.
In this study we used eye tracking methodology in combination with multi-element displays to examine the processes underlying event-based prospective memory in a visual search paradigm. In the task individuals searched for a different target stimulus (i.e., a letter) on each trial that could be present or absent, and made prospective responses to the letters D or M. The response accuracy data revealed that target hits were more frequent than prospective hits, and that there was no difference in response time for target and prospective responses. The eye tracking data revealed that both first and total fixation durations increased from distractors (stimuli that were neither targets nor prospective cues) to targets to prospective cues when a target or prospective response was made. These measures also revealed that the presence of a target in the display served to disrupt prospective memory. In addition, prospective memory misses resulted from a combination of failures to fixate the prospective cues and failures to engage in strategic processing of the prospective cues. These data demonstrate the utility of eye tracking methods in examining the processes underlying event-based prospective memory.
在本研究中，我们使用眼动追踪方法结合多元素显示，在视觉搜索范式中考察基于事件的前瞻记忆背后的过程。在任务中，个体在每次试验中搜索不同的目标刺激（即一个字母），该目标刺激可能存在或不存在，并对字母D或M做出前瞻反应。反应准确性数据显示，目标命中比前瞻命中更频繁，并且目标反应和前瞻反应的反应时间没有差异。眼动追踪数据显示，当做出目标或前瞻反应时，从干扰物（既不是目标也不是前瞻线索的刺激）到目标再到前瞻线索，首次注视持续时间和总注视持续时间均增加。这些测量还显示，显示屏上目标的存在会干扰前瞻记忆。此外，前瞻记忆失误是由于未能注视前瞻线索和未能对前瞻线索进行策略性加工共同导致的。这些数据证明了眼动追踪方法在考察基于事件的前瞻记忆背后过程中的实用性。
