Schellenberg Tara L, Anderson Maureen E, Drebot Michael A, Vooght Mark T R, Findlater A Ross, Curry Phillip S, Campbell C Alexia, Osei William D
Department of Public Health Services, Five Hills Health Region, Moose Jaw, SK.
Can J Public Health. 2006 Sep-Oct;97(5):369-73. doi: 10.1007/BF03405344.
The Five Hills Health Region of Saskatchewan reported the highest West Nile virus (WNV) case rates in the 2003 outbreak. A serologic and telephone survey was undertaken to assess the seroprevalence of the virus and the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of the residents.
Respondents had to be at least 18 years of age, and residents of the Five Hills Health Region between July 1st and September 15th, 2003. Blood samples of respondents were tested at the National Microbiology Laboratory for flavivirus immunoglobulin using a WNV IgG ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test. Descriptive analyses performed related to respondents' demographics, knowledge, attitudes, behaviours, and seropositivity. WNV infection risk was assessed using odds ratio.
There were 619 questionnaire respondents, of whom 501 donated a blood sample. The seroprevalence of WNV in the Five Hills Health Region was 9.98% (95% CI 7.37-12.59%). Seropositivity of rural areas was 16.8% and urban was 3.2%. Most (97%) of participants thought WNV was an important health issue. Forty-eight percent of the participants used insect repellents containing DEET most of the time. There was good knowledge regarding WNV transmission and prevention of the spread of WNV. Rural compared to urban residents were six times more likely to be positive for WNV (OR=6.13, 95% CI 2.82-13.34).
This is the highest seroprevalence rate of West Nile virus recorded in North America thus far. Many factors could have influenced this outbreak, such as eco-region, early prolonged hot weather, level of mosquito control programs, urban and rural community differences, and personal protective behaviours.
萨斯喀彻温省的五山健康区域在2003年西尼罗河病毒（WNV）疫情爆发中报告了最高的发病率。开展了一项血清学和电话调查，以评估该病毒的血清阳性率以及居民的知识、态度和行为。
受访者必须年满18岁，且为2003年7月1日至9月15日期间五山健康区域的居民。受访者的血样在国家微生物实验室使用WNV IgG酶联免疫吸附测定法和蚀斑减少中和试验检测黄病毒免疫球蛋白。进行了与受访者人口统计学、知识、态度、行为和血清阳性相关的描述性分析。使用比值比评估WNV感染风险。
有619名问卷受访者，其中501人捐献了血样。五山健康区域WNV的血清阳性率为9.98%（95%可信区间7.37 - 12.59%）。农村地区的血清阳性率为16.8%，城市地区为3.2%。大多数（97%）参与者认为WNV是一个重要的健康问题。48%的参与者大部分时间使用含避蚊胺的驱虫剂。关于WNV传播和预防WNV传播有良好的知识。与城市居民相比，农村居民WNV呈阳性的可能性高六倍（比值比=6.13，95%可信区间2.82 - 13.34）。
这是迄今为止北美记录的最高西尼罗河病毒血清阳性率。许多因素可能影响了此次疫情爆发，如生态区域、早期持续高温天气、蚊虫控制项目水平、城乡社区差异以及个人防护行为。
