Drebot Michael A, Lindsay Robbin, Barker Ian K, Buck Peter A, Fearon Margaret, Hunter Fiona, Sockett Paul, Artsob Harvey
Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Health Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Can J Infect Dis. 2003 Mar;14(2):105-14. doi: 10.1155/2003/575341.
A surveillance program has been in place since 2000 to detect the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Canada. Serological assays are most appropriate when monitoring for human disease and undertaking case investigations. Genomic amplification procedures are more commonly used for testing animal and mosquito specimens collected as part of ongoing surveillance efforts. The incursion of WNV into this country was documented for the first time in 2001 when WNV was demonstrated in 12 Ontario health units during the late summer and fall. In 2002 WNV activity was documented by avian surveillance in Ontario by mid-May with subsequent expansion of the virus throughout Ontario and into Quebec, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia. Human cases were recorded in both Ontario and Quebec in 2002 with approximately 800 to 1000 probable, confirmed and suspect cases detected. The possible recurrence and further spread of WNV to other parts of Canada in 2003 must be anticipated with potential risk to public health. The continued surveillance and monitoring for WNV-associated human illness is necessary and appropriate disease prevention measures need to be in place in 2003.
自2000年以来，加拿大一直在实施一项监测计划，以检测西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的存在。在监测人类疾病和进行病例调查时，血清学检测最为适用。基因组扩增程序更常用于检测作为持续监测工作一部分收集的动物和蚊子标本。2001年，西尼罗河病毒首次侵入加拿大，当时在夏末和秋季，安大略省的12个卫生单位检测到了该病毒。2002年5月中旬，安大略省通过鸟类监测记录到了西尼罗河病毒的活动，随后该病毒在安大略省全境传播，并蔓延至魁北克省、马尼托巴省、萨斯喀彻温省和新斯科舍省。2002年，安大略省和魁北克省都记录到了人类病例，共检测到约800至1000例可能、确诊和疑似病例。必须预计到2003年西尼罗河病毒可能会复发并进一步传播到加拿大其他地区，对公众健康构成潜在风险。持续监测与西尼罗河病毒相关的人类疾病是必要的，2003年需要采取适当的疾病预防措施。
