Barelli Alessandro, Biondi Immacolata, Tafani Chiara, Pellegrini Aristide, Soave Maurizio, Gaspari Rita, Annetta Maria Giuseppina
Centro Antiveleni, Servizio di Tossicologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Emergenza e Accettazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2006;42(3):310-7.
Italian Poison Centers answer to approximately 100,000 calls per year. Potentially, this activity is a huge source of data for toxicovigilance and for syndromic surveillance. During the last decade, surveillance systems for early detection of outbreaks have drawn the attention of public health institutions due to the threat of terrorism and high-profile disease outbreaks. Poisoning surveillance needs the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of harmonised data about poisonings from all Poison Centers for use in public health action to reduce morbidity and mortality and to improve health. The entity-relationship model for a Poison Center relational database is extremely complex and not studied in detail. For this reason, not harmonised data collection happens among Italian Poison Centers. Entities are recognizable concepts, either concrete or abstract, such as patients and poisons, or events which have relevance to the database, such as calls. Connectivity and cardinality of relationships are complex as well. A one-to-many relationship exist between calls and patients: for one instance of entity calls, there are zero, one, or many instances of entity patients. At the same time, a one-to-many relationship exist between patients and poisons: for one instance of entity patients, there are zero, one, or many instances of entity poisons. This paper shows a relational model for a poison center database which allows the harmonised data collection of poison centers calls.
意大利中毒控制中心每年接听约10万个电话。从潜在意义上讲，这项工作是毒物警戒和症状监测的巨大数据来源。在过去十年中，由于恐怖主义威胁和引人注目的疾病暴发，用于早期发现疫情的监测系统引起了公共卫生机构的关注。中毒监测需要持续、系统地收集、分析、解释和传播来自所有中毒控制中心的关于中毒的统一数据，以用于公共卫生行动，降低发病率和死亡率并改善健康状况。中毒控制中心关系数据库的实体-关系模型极其复杂，尚未进行详细研究。因此，意大利各中毒控制中心的数据收集并不统一。实体是可识别的概念，具体的或抽象的，如患者和毒物，或与数据库相关的事件，如电话。关系的连通性和基数也很复杂。电话与患者之间存在一对多的关系：对于实体电话的一个实例，实体患者可以有零个、一个或多个实例。同时，患者与毒物之间也存在一对多的关系：对于实体患者的一个实例，实体毒物可以有零个、一个或多个实例。本文展示了一个中毒控制中心数据库的关系模型，该模型允许对中毒控制中心的电话进行统一数据收集。
