美国南部农村地区饮酒模式的差异：种族、性别和农村居住状况的共同影响。
Variations in drinking patterns in the rural South: joint effects of race, gender, and rural residence.
作者信息
Booth Brenda M, Curran Geoffrey M
机构信息
Division of Health Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
出版信息
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2006;32(4):561-8. doi: 10.1080/00952990600920409.
OBJECTIVES
To understand the relative contribution of gender, race (African-American vs. Caucasian), and rural residence on variations in drinking patterns, including past year abstinence, at-risk drinking, and recent drinking quantity and frequency for drinkers only.
METHODS
A brief health survey was administered by telephone to a probability sample of 11,529 residents of six southern states, over-sampling rural inhabitants.
RESULTS
Drinking patterns varied by gender, race, and rural residence in bivariate analysis. Gender effects were independent of rural residence, but race effects on abstinence and at-risk drinking were found only in urban residents and race differences in drinking quantity only in rural residents. Multivariate analysis, controlling for age and education, found gender and rural residence to be the strongest predictors, as well as being an African-American female.
CONCLUSIONS
Female gender, African-American race, and rural residence appear protective for at-risk drinking but rural residence dominates racial differences.
目的
了解性别、种族（非裔美国人与白种人）以及农村居住情况对饮酒模式差异的相对影响，包括过去一年戒酒情况、高危饮酒情况以及仅针对饮酒者的近期饮酒量和饮酒频率。
方法
通过电话对六个南部州的11529名居民进行概率抽样的简短健康调查，对农村居民进行过度抽样。
结果
在双变量分析中，饮酒模式因性别、种族和农村居住情况而异。性别影响独立于农村居住情况，但种族对戒酒和高危饮酒的影响仅在城市居民中发现，而饮酒量的种族差异仅在农村居民中发现。在控制年龄和教育程度的多变量分析中，发现性别和农村居住情况是最强的预测因素，非裔美国女性也是如此。
结论
女性、非裔美国人种族和农村居住情况似乎对高危饮酒具有保护作用，但农村居住情况主导着种族差异。
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