Marumo K
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Keio University.
Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 1991 Mar;82(3):361-71. doi: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.82.361.
Immunotherapy gained popularity as a treatment modality for malignant diseases in the 1960s. A number of trials, using tumor vaccines, immunopotentiators, interferons, cytokines and others, demonstrated antitumor effects in several urological malignancies, and, to date, immunotherapy plays a major role in treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma and superficial bladder carcinoma. Interferon or interleukin-2, which became available for large scale clinical trial with the development of bioengineering, however, were shown to be not effective as initially expected, by single agent. Rational design of new strategies with multiple agents in combination based on basic and clinical research, should provide progress in treatment of urological malignancies.
免疫疗法在20世纪60年代作为一种治疗恶性疾病的方式开始受到关注。一些使用肿瘤疫苗、免疫增强剂、干扰素、细胞因子等的试验，在几种泌尿系统恶性肿瘤中显示出抗肿瘤作用。迄今为止，免疫疗法在晚期肾细胞癌和浅表性膀胱癌的治疗中发挥着重要作用。然而，随着生物工程的发展可用于大规模临床试验的干扰素或白细胞介素-2，单药使用时并未如最初预期的那样有效。基于基础和临床研究合理设计多种药物联合的新策略，有望在泌尿系统恶性肿瘤的治疗中取得进展。
