Doucette William R, Nevins Justin, McDonough Randal P
College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, S518 PHAR, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2005 Dec;1(4):565-78. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2005.09.005.
To have a positive impact on patient outcomes achieved with drug therapy, it is likely that pharmacists will work more closely with physicians to manage medications collaboratively. Yet, little is known about the factors that will support such collaborative care between pharmacists and physicians.
The objective of this study was to identify significant influences on collaborative care between pharmacists and physicians, from the perspective of pharmacists.
Data were collected through a survey mailed to a national sample of 321 pharmacists identified by state pharmacy associations as being innovative practitioners. Three types of influences were assessed: individual characteristics, contextual factors, and exchange characteristics. Individual characteristics included demographics and a personality measure. Context variables included practice environment and professional interactions between pharmacists and physicians. Exchange characteristics were trustworthiness, role specification, and relationship initiation. Four items asked about the pharmacist's collaborative care with a physician. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was performed with collaborative care as the dependent variable and the individual, context, and exchange characteristics as the independent variables.
One hundred sixty-six usable surveys (53.4%) were returned. About 64% of the respondents were male, with a mean age of 43.7 (SD+/-11.2) years. Linear regression analysis of the complete model produced an R(2)=0.805 (P<.001). Significant predictors in the model included the context variable, professional interaction, and the exchange characteristics, trustworthiness and role specification.
Overall, the collaborative working relationship model largely explained collaborative care between pharmacists and physicians. Researchers are encouraged to use these findings when studying pharmacist-physician collaboration. In addition, pharmacists seeking to work with physicians should attend to developing trustworthiness and clarifying their clinical roles with physicians.
为了对药物治疗的患者预后产生积极影响，药剂师可能需要与医生更紧密地合作以协同管理药物。然而，对于支持药剂师与医生之间这种协同护理的因素却知之甚少。
本研究的目的是从药剂师的角度确定对药剂师与医生之间协同护理有显著影响的因素。
通过向州药房协会确定为创新从业者的全国321名药剂师样本邮寄调查问卷来收集数据。评估了三种影响类型：个体特征、背景因素和交流特征。个体特征包括人口统计学和一项人格测量。背景变量包括实践环境以及药剂师与医生之间的专业互动。交流特征包括可信赖性、角色明确和关系建立。有四个项目询问了药剂师与医生的协同护理情况。以协同护理为因变量，个体、背景和交流特征为自变量进行分层线性回归分析。
共返回166份可用调查问卷（53.4%）。约64%的受访者为男性，平均年龄43.7（标准差±11.2）岁。完整模型的线性回归分析得出R² = 0.805（P <.001）。模型中的显著预测因素包括背景变量、专业互动以及交流特征、可信赖性和角色明确。
总体而言，协作工作关系模型在很大程度上解释了药剂师与医生之间的协同护理。鼓励研究人员在研究药剂师 - 医生合作时使用这些发现。此外，寻求与医生合作的药剂师应注重培养可信赖性并与医生明确其临床角色。
