Zhang Yongli, Li Yanming, Xiao Kai, Wang Fengcai
College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2006 Sep;17(9):1599-603.
This paper studied the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorous application rates (112.5-337.5 kg N x hm(-2) and 90-270 kg P2O5 x hm(-2)) on the population growth and grain yield of hybrid wheat C6-38/Py85-1 under field condition. The results showed that the total number of population stems (PS), population dry weight (PDW), leaf area index (LAI) , photosynthetic potential (PP) and crop growth rate (CGR) were the lowest under low fertilization rate (112.5 kg N x hm(-2) and 90 kg P2O5 x hm(-2)), PS and PDW were higher under high fertilization rate (337.5 kg N x hm(-2) and 270 kg P2O5, hm(-2)) than under medium fertilization rate (225 kg N hm(-2) and 180 kg P2O5 x hm(-2)), and LAI, PP and CGR were higher under high than under medium fertilization rate before flagging, jointing, and anthesis stage, respectively, but in adverse after these stages. Under low and medium fertilization rates, PS had no mid-parent heterosis (Hm), while under high fertilization rate, it had the positive values of 6.3%, 49.7%, 4.2% and 10.8% at before winter, jointing, anthesis, and maturing stages, respectively. The Hm of LAI and PDW increased significantly with increasing fertilization rate, except that the Hm of LAI was 3.8% higher under medium than under high fertilization rate at filling stage while that of PDW had no significant difference between these two fertilization rates at maturing stage. The Hm values of PP and CGR were the lowest in the whole growth period under low fertilization rate, and lower before jointing-flagging and flagginganthesis stage but higher after these stages respectively under medium than under high fertilization rate. The grain yield and its Hm of the hybrid wheat were the highest under medium fertilization rate, lower under high fertilization rate, and the lowest under low fertilization rate. The grain yield under medium fertilization rate was 216.2 kg x hm(-2) higher than that under high fertilization rate, but its Hm had no significant difference between these two fertilization rates.
本文研究了田间条件下不同氮磷施用量（112.5 - 337.5 kg N·hm⁻²和90 - 270 kg P₂O₅·hm⁻²）对杂交小麦C6 - 38/Py85 - 1群体生长和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明，在低施肥量（112.5 kg N·hm⁻²和90 kg P₂O₅·hm⁻²）下，群体茎蘖总数（PS）、群体干重（PDW）、叶面积指数（LAI）、光合势（PP）和作物生长率（CGR）最低；在高施肥量（337.5 kg N·hm⁻²和270 kg P₂O₅·hm⁻²）下，PS和PDW高于中施肥量（225 kg N·hm⁻²和180 kg P₂O₅·hm⁻²），在拔节、抽穗和开花期前，高施肥量下的LAI、PP和CGR分别高于中施肥量，但在这些时期之后则相反。在低施肥量和中施肥量下，PS无中亲优势（Hm）,而在高施肥量下，在越冬前、拔节期、开花期和成熟期的中亲优势值分别为6.3%、49.7%、4.2%和10.8%。LAI和PDW的中亲优势随着施肥量的增加而显著增加，除了在灌浆期LAI的中亲优势在中施肥量下比高施肥量下高3.8%，而PDW在成熟期这两种施肥量下无显著差异。PP和CGR的中亲优势值在低施肥量下整个生育期最低，在中施肥量下拔节 - 抽穗期前和抽穗 - 开花期较低，但在这些时期之后分别高于高施肥量。杂交小麦的籽粒产量及其中亲优势在中施肥量下最高，在高施肥量下较低，在低施肥量下最低。中施肥量下的籽粒产量比高施肥量下高216.2 kg·hm⁻²，但其在这两种施肥量下的中亲优势无显著差异。
