Dohlman Henrik G, Slessareva Janna E
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Mary Ellen Jones Building Room 430, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7260, USA.
Sci STKE. 2006 Dec 5;2006(364):cm6. doi: 10.1126/stke.3642006cm6.
The actions of many extracellular stimuli are elicited by complexes of cell surface receptors, heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complexes. Analysis of haploid yeast cells and their response to peptide mating pheromones has produced important advances in the understanding of G protein and MAPK signaling mechanisms. Many of the components, their interrelationships, and their regulators were first identified in yeast. Examples include definitive demonstration of a positive signaling role for G protein betagamma subunits, the discovery of a three-tiered structure of the MAPK module, development of the concept of a kinase-scaffold protein, and the discovery of the first regulator of G protein signaling protein. New and powerful genomic, proteomic, and computational approaches available in yeast are beginning to uncover new pathway components and interactions and have revealed their presence in unexpected locations within the cell. This updated Connections Map in the Database of Cell Signaling includes several major revisions to this prototypical signal response pathway.
许多细胞外刺激的作用是由细胞表面受体、异源三聚体鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白（G蛋白）和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）复合物引发的。对单倍体酵母细胞及其对肽类交配信息素的反应进行分析，在理解G蛋白和MAPK信号传导机制方面取得了重要进展。许多组件、它们之间的相互关系及其调节因子最初都是在酵母中被鉴定出来的。例如，明确证明了G蛋白βγ亚基的正向信号传导作用，发现了MAPK模块的三层结构，提出了激酶支架蛋白的概念，以及发现了第一个G蛋白信号传导调节蛋白。酵母中可用的新的强大的基因组学、蛋白质组学和计算方法开始揭示新的信号通路组件和相互作用，并揭示了它们在细胞内意想不到的位置的存在。《细胞信号数据库》中这个更新后的连接图谱对这条典型的信号反应通路进行了几处重大修订。
