Dötterl Stefan, Schäffler Irmgard
Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, 95440, Germany.
J Chem Ecol. 2007 Feb;33(2):441-5. doi: 10.1007/s10886-006-9237-2. Epub 2006 Dec 7.
Most flowers offer nectar and/or pollen as a reward for pollinators. However, some plants are known to produce mostly fatty oil in the flowers, instead of nectar. This oil is exclusively collected by specialized oil-bees, the pollinators of the oil-plants. Little is known about chemical communication in this pollination system, especially how the bees find their hosts. We collected the floral and vegetative scent emitted by oil-producing Lysimachia punctata by dynamic headspace, and identified the compounds by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Thirty-six compounds were detected in the scent samples, several of which were flower-specific. Pentane extracts of flowers and floral oil were tested on Macropis fulvipes in a biotest. Flower and oil extracts attracted the bees, and some of the compounds identified are seldom found in the floral scent of other plants; these may have been responsible for the attraction of the bees.
大多数花朵会提供花蜜和/或花粉作为对传粉者的回报。然而，已知一些植物在花朵中主要产生的是脂肪油，而非花蜜。这种油仅由专门的油蜂采集，油蜂是油类植物的传粉者。关于这种授粉系统中的化学通讯，尤其是蜜蜂如何找到它们的寄主，我们了解得很少。我们通过动态顶空法收集了产油点地梅散发的花和营养器官的气味，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪鉴定了这些化合物。在气味样本中检测到了36种化合物，其中几种是花特有的。在生物测试中，用花和花油的戊烷提取物对黄斑蜂进行了测试。花和油提取物吸引了蜜蜂，鉴定出的一些化合物在其他植物的花香中很少见；这些可能是吸引蜜蜂的原因。
