Kazimírová Maria, Dovinová Ima, Rolníková Terézia, Tóthová Lívia, Hunáková L'ubica
Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Dec;27 Suppl 2:48-52.
The anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential of salivary gland extracts (SGE) of unfed and partially fed adult ixodid ticks were screened using human HeLa cells.
Cell growth inhibition activity of SGE was measured by the MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis and quantification of DNA fragmentation was performed by DNA staining with propidium iodide. Annexin V-FITC was used to detect apoptotic cells.
SGE of all ticks examined suppressed HeLa cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Extracts from 2-day fed R. appendiculatus females (IC(50) 0.22 mg/ml SGE soluble protein) and 9-day fed A. variegatum females (IC(50) 0.30 mg/ml) were most potent. Species-specific differences in the anti-proliferative effects of SGE were revealed, suggesting that the amount of active compounds in tick salivary glands change during feeding. Total apoptosis (about 12%) and no significant alteration in cell cycle were confirmed for SGE of A. variegatum and R. appendiculatus, and additionally SGE of 5-day fed I. ricinus females (IC(50) 0.64 mg/ml).
The study shows that tumour cell growth suppressant(s) and/or apoptotic triggers are present in tick salivary glands, however, further research into the characteristics and mode of action of such natural substances is necessary.
使用人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa细胞，筛选未进食和部分进食的成年硬蜱唾液腺提取物（SGE）的抗增殖和诱导凋亡潜力。
采用MTT法检测SGE的细胞生长抑制活性。用碘化丙啶进行DNA染色，以进行细胞周期分析和DNA片段化定量。使用膜联蛋白V-异硫氰酸荧光素检测凋亡细胞。
所有检测蜱的SGE均以剂量依赖方式抑制HeLa细胞增殖。进食2天的附肢扇头蜱雌性蜱（半数抑制浓度（IC50）为0.22mg/ml SGE可溶性蛋白）和进食9天的变异革蜱雌性蜱（IC50为0.30mg/ml）的提取物活性最强。研究揭示了SGE抗增殖作用的种属特异性差异，表明蜱唾液腺中活性化合物的含量在进食过程中会发生变化。确认变异革蜱和附肢扇头蜱的SGE以及进食5天的蓖麻硬蜱雌性蜱的SGE（IC50为0.64mg/ml）可诱导约12%的细胞发生总凋亡，且细胞周期无显著改变。
该研究表明蜱唾液腺中存在肿瘤细胞生长抑制因子和/或凋亡触发因子，然而，有必要对这类天然物质的特性和作用方式进行进一步研究。
