Effects of dorsal rhizotomy on neurokinin receptor sub-types in the rat spinal cord: a quantitative autoradiographic study.

Although abundant evidence suggests a major role for substance P (SP) and other neurokinins (NK) in the transmission of nociceptive information, it is not known whether the various NK receptor classes are differentially located in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord where primary afferent fibres mostly terminate. In order to investigate this issue, we studied the effects of unilateral dorsal rhizotomy on binding of 125I-Bolton-Hunter-SP, (2-[125I]iodohistidyl1)-neurokinin A, and 125I-Bolton-Hunter-eledoisin as respective radioligands for the NK-1, NK-2 and NK-3 receptor sub-types. Seven, 14, 21 and 28 days following unilateral lumbosacral dorsal horn deafferentiation, NK receptor binding parameters were evaluated using quantitative receptor autoradiography. Rhizotomy produced an increase in the densities of NK-1, NK-2 and NK-3 binding sites in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn. Increases were maximal at 14 days, post-operatively, for both NK-1 and NK-2 sites; slight recovery being observed thereafter. For NK-3 sites, unilateral rhizotomy induced a progressive increase in binding without evidence of recovery over time, at least up to 28 days post-lesion. NK-1 receptor binding parameters around the central canal and in the ventral horn were not affected by the dorsal rhizotomy. These data suggest that all 3 NK receptor classes are located post-synaptically to afferent fiber terminals in laminae I, II and X of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.