[未婚青少年反复流产的危险因素研究]

Cheng Yi-min, Wang Xiao-yan, Lv Yan-hong, Cai Ya-mei, Li Ying, Guo Xin, Huang Na, Xu Xiao, Xu Jun-Cai

National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China.

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2006 Aug;27(8):669-72.

OBJECTIVE

To find out the rate of repeated induced abortion among unmarried abortion women and to study the relevant risk factors.

METHODS

From July to September 2005, we used the method of hospital based descriptive epidemiological study to investigate 2295 abortion women below 25 years of age in Beijing, Shanghai and Zhengzhou. Case-control study was used as the method. We considered the women with history of repeated abortion as case group (736 women) and considered the women without history of repeated abortion as control group (1559 women).

RESULTS

The mean age of respondents was 21.92 years with minimal age as 15 years. 17.2 % aborted women aged below 20 years with 32. 1% of them were ever having a history of previous induced abortion. Among 736 women with repeated abortion, 75.3 % of them had one time of induced abortion previously, 18.1% having two times, 4.2% having 3 times, 13 women having 4 times and 4 women having 5 times and one even with the maximum of having 8 times of previous abortion. In comparison with control group, the case group had higher rate among women whose first sex was below 18 years (16.2% vs. 9.4% , P<0.01). There were higher rates of women under following conditions: having exposed to sexual behavior for more than 3 years (33.6% vs. 6.6 % , P<0.01), having cohabited with male partner for over 1 year (64.6% vs. 23.9%, P <0.01), having regular sexual life (48.5 % vs. 37. 1%, P < 0.05), having multiple sexual partners (36.0% vs. 15.0%,P<0.01) having unwanted sex (6.0% vs. 3.9%, P<0.05), whose current pregnancy resulted from contraceptive failure (39.3% vs. 31.6%, P< 0.01), having a history of high-risk abortion (30.8% vs. 3.1%, P< 0.01) etc. In comparison with the control group, the case group showed higher rates of male partners not supporting this induced abortion, male partner not participating in decision-making on abortion and male partner not accompanying the female partners to seek for abortion service (rates of the three major factors in case group and in control group were 10.3% vs. 5.9%, P< 0.01, 30.3% vs. 24.0%, and 27.5% vs. 23.5%, P<0.01, respectively).

CONCLUSION

The rate of repeated induced abortion among unmarried abortion women was relatively high. The risk factors for females would include: younger age of sex debut, longer duration from the beginning of first sex to the current abortion, cohabitation, regular sexual life, multiple sexual partners, unwanted sex, contraceptive failure and high risk induced abortion. Meanwhile, unmarried but repeated abortion was related to the differences of gender between males and females and male partner's concern on induced abortion.

目的

了解未婚人工流产女性中重复人工流产的发生率，并探讨相关危险因素。

方法

2005年7月至9月，采用基于医院的描述性流行病学研究方法，对北京、上海和郑州2295名25岁以下人工流产女性进行调查。采用病例对照研究方法。将有重复流产史的女性作为病例组（736名女性），将无重复流产史的女性作为对照组（1559名女性）。

结果

调查对象的平均年龄为21.92岁，最小年龄为15岁。17.2%的人工流产女性年龄在20岁以下，其中32.1%曾有过人工流产史。在736名有重复流产史的女性中，75.3%曾有过1次人工流产，18.1%有过2次，4.2%有过3次，13名女性有过4次，4名女性有过5次，甚至有1名女性曾有过8次人工流产史。与对照组相比，病例组中首次性行为年龄在18岁以下的女性比例更高（16.2%对9.4%，P<0.01）。以下情况的女性比例较高：有3年以上性行为暴露史（33.6%对6.6%，P<0.01）、与男性伴侣同居1年以上（64.6%对23.9%，P<0.01）、有规律性生活（48.5%对37.1%，P<0.05）、有多个性伴侣（36.0%对15.0%，P<0.01）、有非意愿性行为（6.0%对3.9%，P<0.05）、本次妊娠因避孕失败所致（39.3%对31.6%，P<0.01）、有高危流产史（30.8%对3.1%，P<0.01）等。与对照组相比，病例组中男性伴侣不支持此次人工流产、不参与人工流产决策、不陪同女性寻求人工流产服务的比例更高（病例组和对照组这三个主要因素的比例分别为10.3%对5.9%，P<0.01；30.3%对24.0%；27.5%对2??3.5%，P<0.01）。