Koskentausta T, Iivanainen M, Almqvist F
Pääjarvi Rehabilitation Centre, Lammi, Finland.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2007 Jan;51(Pt 1):43-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00871.x.
Children with intellectual disability (ID) have a higher risk for psychiatric disturbance than their peers with normal intelligence, but research data on risk factors are insufficient and partially conflicting.
The subjects comprised 75 children with ID aged 6-13 years. Data were obtained from case files and the following four questionnaires completed by their parents or other carers: Developmental Behaviour Checklist, American Association of Mental Deficiency (AAMD) Adaptive Behavior Scale, a questionnaire on additional disabilities, and a questionnaire on family characteristics and child development.
The risk of psychopathology was most significantly increased by moderate ID, limitations in adaptive behaviour, impaired language development, poor socialization, living with one biological parent, and low socio-economic status of the family.
The risk of psychopathology in children with ID is increased by factors related to family characteristics and child development. Identifying these factors will help diagnose and possibly prevent psychiatric disorders in these children.
与智力正常的同龄人相比，智障儿童出现精神障碍的风险更高，但关于风险因素的研究数据不足且部分相互矛盾。
研究对象为75名6至13岁的智障儿童。数据来自病例档案以及由他们的父母或其他照料者填写的以下四份问卷：发育行为清单、美国智力缺陷协会（AAMD）适应性行为量表、一份关于其他残疾情况的问卷以及一份关于家庭特征和儿童发育的问卷。
中度智障、适应性行为受限、语言发育受损、社交能力差、与亲生父母一方生活以及家庭社会经济地位低，这些因素最显著地增加了精神病理学风险。
智障儿童出现精神病理学的风险因与家庭特征和儿童发育相关的因素而增加。识别这些因素将有助于诊断并可能预防这些儿童的精神障碍。
