Nikeghbali Aminollah, Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi, Kheirkhah Ahmad, Bakhtiari Pejman, Kashkouli Mohsen Bahmani
Eye Research Center Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007 Jan;33(1):101-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.08.044.
To evaluate pupil dilation by an intracameral injection of nonpreserved lidocaine 1% during phacoemulsification cataract extraction and compare the results with those using conventional topical mydriatics.
Department of Ophthalmology, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
A prospective comparative case series study was conducted. The study included 57 patients who were given topical mydriatics (30 eyes) or intracameral lidocaine (27 eyes) to dilate the pupil for phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The topical group received 3 drops of cyclopentolate 1% and phenylephrine 5% given 5 minutes apart starting 60 minutes before surgery. The intracameral group received preservative-free lidocaine 1% (0.2 to 0.3 mL) injected just before the procedure began. No epinephrine was added to the irrigating solution. In both groups, the horizontal pupil diameter was measured before and after pupil dilation using the same caliper. Total surgical time, need for a mydriatic agent during the procedure, and subjective surgical performance were recorded.
The mean age, sex, cataract density, baseline horizontal pupil diameter, and mean duration of the surgery were the same between the topical group and intracameral group. The mean pupil dilation was 4.52 mm +/- 0.08 (SD) in the intracameral group and 4.06 +/- 0.09 mm in the topical group; the difference between groups was statistically significant (P = .001). There was no significant difference between groups in the overall subjective surgical performance (P = .74). No patient in the intracameral group and 2 patients in the topical group required an intracameral mydriatic injection.
During phacoemulsification, intracameral preservative-free lidocaine 1% provided rapid, effective mydriasis comparable that of topical mydriatics.
评估在超声乳化白内障摘除术中通过前房内注射1%无防腐剂利多卡因进行瞳孔散大的效果，并将结果与使用传统局部散瞳剂的效果进行比较。
伊朗德黑兰医科大学拉苏勒·阿克兰医院眼科。
进行一项前瞻性比较病例系列研究。该研究纳入了57例接受局部散瞳剂（30只眼）或前房内利多卡因（27只眼）散瞳以进行超声乳化和人工晶状体植入的患者。局部用药组在手术前60分钟开始，每隔5分钟滴入3滴1%环喷托酯和5%去氧肾上腺素。前房内用药组在手术开始前即刻注射0.2至0.3 mL无防腐剂的1%利多卡因。冲洗液中未添加肾上腺素。两组均使用同一卡尺在瞳孔散大前后测量水平瞳孔直径。记录总手术时间、手术过程中对散瞳剂的需求以及主观手术表现。
局部用药组和前房内用药组在平均年龄、性别、白内障密度、基线水平瞳孔直径和平均手术持续时间方面相同。前房内用药组平均瞳孔散大至4.52 mm±0.08（标准差），局部用药组为4.06±0.09 mm；两组间差异具有统计学意义（P = 0.001）。两组在总体主观手术表现方面无显著差异（P = 0.74）。前房内用药组无患者，局部用药组有2例患者需要前房内注射散瞳剂。
在超声乳化过程中，前房内注射1%无防腐剂利多卡因可提供与局部散瞳剂相当的快速、有效的散瞳效果。
