Lenzenweger Mark F
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
J Pers Disord. 2006 Dec;20(6):645-70. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2006.20.6.645.
The Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders (LSPD) began in 1990 and it is the first NIMH-funded prospective multiwave longitudinal study of all DSM-defined personality disorders (PDs). The LSPD, now in its 16th year, has focused on several major issues including: (a) the epidemiology of the PDs; (b) the stability of individual differences and mean levels of PD features over time; (c); patterns of individual growth in PD features over time; (d) the development of a neurobehavioral model that links personality and personality disorder; (e) specification of those neurobehavioral systems predicting change in borderline personality disorder; and (f) illumination of simultaneous growth processes in neurobehavioral systems and PD. The LSPD possesses a number of methodological enhancements designed to increase the validity of the longitudinal findings such as a prospective multiwave design, use of a validated structured interview and well-known self-report instrument for Axis II assessments, double measurement of all major constructs under study, use of blinded interviewers for all interview Axis II assessments, and use of a community sample. The history and context in which the LSPD was developed is reviewed, methodological issues related to the study of PDs are discussed, primary LSPD findings to date are summarized, and future directions of the LSPD are introduced.
人格障碍纵向研究（LSPD）始于1990年，是美国国立精神卫生研究所资助的第一项针对所有《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》定义的人格障碍（PDs）的前瞻性多波纵向研究。LSPD目前已进入第16个年头，重点关注了几个主要问题，包括：（a）人格障碍的流行病学；（b）个体差异的稳定性以及人格障碍特征的平均水平随时间的变化；（c）人格障碍特征随时间的个体发展模式；（d）建立一个将人格与人格障碍联系起来的神经行为模型；（e）确定那些预测边缘型人格障碍变化的神经行为系统；以及（f）阐明神经行为系统和人格障碍的同步发展过程。LSPD在方法上有许多改进，旨在提高纵向研究结果的有效性，如前瞻性多波设计、使用经过验证的结构化访谈和用于轴II评估的知名自我报告工具、对所有研究中的主要构念进行双重测量、对所有轴II访谈评估使用盲法访谈者以及使用社区样本。本文回顾了LSPD开展的历史和背景，讨论了与人格障碍研究相关的方法学问题，总结了LSPD迄今为止的主要研究结果，并介绍了LSPD未来的发展方向。
