Alves Dimitri R, Luque José L
Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Km 7 da BR 465, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Bolsista CNPq.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2006 Oct-Dec;15(4):167-81.
From June 2001 to March 2004, 171 marine scombrid fishes (Perciformes: Scombridae) from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (21-23 degrees S, 41-45 degrees W) were necropsied to study their community metazoan parasites: 46 Euthynnus alleteratus (Rafinesque, 1810); 15 Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758); 30 Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793) ; 43 Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 and 37 Scomberomorus brasiliensis Collette, Russo & Zavala-Camim, 1978. All specimens of E. alleteratus, K. pelamis and S. brasiliensis were parasitized by one or more metazoan species. In S. sarda and S. scombrus 96.7% and 60.4% of specimens were parasitized, respectively. Forty-four different metazoan parasites species were collected: 22 in E. alleteratus, 13 in K. pelamis, 14 in S. sarda, three in S. scombrus and 12 in S. brasiliensis. Euthynnus alleteratus is a new host record for 12 metazoan parasite species, K. pelamis and S. scombrus for one species each, S. sarda for eighth species and S. brasiliensis for five species. Nine parasites species were new geographical record. Fifteen species were common in at least two communities. The digeneans were the majority of the parasite specimens collected in E. alleteratus and S. brasiliensis with 85.7% and 72.5%, respectively. In K. pelamis and S. sarda the majority of the parasite specimens collected were cestodes and copepods, 64.5% and 62.9%, respectively. Only larval stages of nematodes were collected in S. scombrus. The parasite of 5 host species showed the typical aggregate pattern of distribution. Four cases of positive correlation and three cases of negative correlation between host's length and prevalence and parasite abundance were found. The parasite community of K. pelamis showed the higher values of the mean parasite species richness and diversity. Only in S. scombrus the abundance and parasite species richness were correlates with the host's length. Euthynnus alleteratus was the species with the higher number of ectoparasites (11), adult endoparasites (5) and larval stage of endoparasites (6). The infracommunities of larval stage of endoparasites showed correlation with the host's length and abundance, parasite species richness, diversity and numerical dominance.
2001年6月至2004年3月，对来自巴西里约热内卢州沿海地区（南纬21 - 23度，西经41 - 45度）的171条海洋鲭科鱼类（鲈形目：鲭科）进行了尸检，以研究其群落后生动物寄生虫：46条狐鲣（Rafinesque，1810年）；15条鲣（Linnaeus，1758年）；30条大西洋狐鲣（Bloch，1793年）；43条鲭（Linnaeus，1758年）和37条巴西马鲛（Collette、Russo和Zavala - Camim，1978年）。所有狐鲣、鲣和巴西马鲛的标本都被一种或多种后生动物物种寄生。在大西洋狐鲣和鲭中，分别有96.7%和60.4%的标本被寄生。共收集到44种不同的后生动物寄生虫物种：狐鲣中有22种，鲣中有13种，大西洋狐鲣中有14种，鲭中有3种，巴西马鲛中有12种。狐鲣是12种后生动物寄生虫物种的新宿主记录，鲣和鲭分别是一种寄生虫的新宿主记录，大西洋狐鲣是8种寄生虫的新宿主记录，巴西马鲛是5种寄生虫的新宿主记录。9种寄生虫物种是新的地理记录。15种寄生虫在至少两个群落中常见。在狐鲣和巴西马鲛中收集到的寄生虫标本中，吸虫占大多数，分别为85.7%和72.5%。在鲣和大西洋狐鲣中收集到的寄生虫标本中，大多数是绦虫和桡足类，分别为64.5%和62.9%。在鲭中只收集到线虫的幼虫阶段。5种宿主鱼类的寄生虫呈现出典型的聚集分布模式。发现宿主长度与感染率及寄生虫丰度之间有4例正相关和3例负相关。鲣的寄生虫群落平均寄生虫物种丰富度和多样性值最高。只有在鲭中，寄生虫丰度和物种丰富度与宿主长度相关。狐鲣是体外寄生虫（11种）、成虫体内寄生虫（5种）和幼虫期体内寄生虫（6种）数量最多的物种。幼虫期体内寄生虫的群落与宿主长度、丰度、寄生虫物种丰富度、多样性和数量优势相关。
