Welzel Tania M, Gao Xiaojiang, Pfeiffer Ruth M, Martin Maureen P, O'Brien Stephen J, Goedert James J, Carrington Mary, O'Brien Thomas R
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
AIDS. 2007 Jan 11;21(2):225-9. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3280123840.
Genetic factors may play a role in the transmission of HIV-1. Because HLA-B alleles influence HIV-1 disease progression and viral levels, they might also influence HIV-1 transmission.
To investigate if the presence of HLA-B alleles with the Bw4 epitope in HIV-1-infected men decreased the risk of transmission to their female sex partners.
The study comprised 304 HIV-1-infected men with hemophilia and 325 female sex partners. HLA class I genes were amplified using sequence-specific primers. Products of the polymerase chain reaction were blotted on nylon membranes and hybridized with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for HIV-1 infection among the women.
Among the 325 women, 44 (13.5%) were infected with HIV-1. HIV-1 infection in the women was associated with the HLA-B genotype of their male partner [Bw6/Bw6, 22/118 (18.6%); Bw4/Bw6, 18/154 (11.7%); Bw4/Bw4, 4/53 (7.6%)]. Compared with men who were homozygous for Bw6, men who carried Bw4 were about half as likely to have transmitted HIV-1 to their female partner (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.27-0.98; P = 0.04). Transmission was higher among couples in which the man's ethnicity was other than White (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.25-5.40; P = 0.01), but the association between HIV-1 transmission and HLA-B genotype was not confounded by race.
The presence of HLA-Bw4 in HIV-1-infected men was associated with a decreased risk of male-to-female HIV-1 transmission, which suggests that these alleles reduce infectivity for HIV-1.
遗传因素可能在HIV-1传播中起作用。由于HLA-B等位基因会影响HIV-1疾病进展和病毒水平，它们可能也会影响HIV-1传播。
调查感染HIV-1的男性中携带具有Bw4表位的HLA-B等位基因是否会降低其将病毒传播给女性性伴侣的风险。
该研究纳入了304名感染HIV-1的血友病男性及其325名女性性伴侣。使用序列特异性引物扩增HLA I类基因。聚合酶链反应产物点样于尼龙膜上，并用序列特异性寡核苷酸探针进行杂交。采用逻辑回归模型计算女性中HIV-1感染的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
在325名女性中，44名（13.5%）感染了HIV-1。女性的HIV-1感染与男性伴侣的HLA-B基因型相关[Bw6/Bw6，22/118（18.6%）；Bw4/Bw6，18/154（11.7%）；Bw4/Bw4，4/53（7.6%）]。与Bw6纯合子男性相比，携带Bw4的男性将HIV-1传播给女性伴侣的可能性约为前者的一半（OR，0.52；95%CI，0.27-0.98；P = 0.04）。男性种族非白人的伴侣间传播率更高（OR，2.60；95%CI，1.25-5.40；P = 0.01），但HIV-1传播与HLA-B基因型之间的关联不受种族影响。
感染HIV-1的男性中存在HLA-Bw4与降低男性向女性传播HIV-1的风险相关，这表明这些等位基因可降低HIV-1的传染性。
