Jarzyna Robert
Institute of Biochemistry, Warsaw University, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warszawa, Poland.
Postepy Biochem. 2006;52(3):283-8.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the central component of a protein kinase cascade that acts as an energy sensor maintaining the energy balance at the cellular as well as at the whole body level. Within the healthy cell, metabolic stress leading to an increase in AMP concentration results in AMPK activation. Once activated, AMPK "switches off" many anabolic pathways e.g. fatty acid and protein synthesis while "switches on" catabolic pathways such as fatty acid oxidation or glycolysis which serve to restore intracellular ATP level. Adipocyte derived hormones leptin and adiponectin activate AMPK in peripheral tissues increasing energy expenditure. AMPK also regulates food intake due to response to hormonal and nutrient signals in hypothalamus. Antidiabetic drugs that mimic the action of insulin activate the AMPK signaling pathways. Further studies are needed to clarify the importance of the AMPK activation for therapeutic effects of this drugs.
AMP激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK）是蛋白激酶级联反应的核心组成部分，作为一种能量传感器，在细胞水平和全身水平维持能量平衡。在健康细胞内，导致AMP浓度升高的代谢应激会导致AMPK激活。一旦被激活，AMPK会“关闭”许多合成代谢途径，如脂肪酸和蛋白质合成，同时“开启”分解代谢途径，如脂肪酸氧化或糖酵解，这些途径有助于恢复细胞内ATP水平。脂肪细胞衍生的激素瘦素和脂联素在外周组织中激活AMPK，增加能量消耗。由于对下丘脑激素和营养信号的反应，AMPK还调节食物摄入。模拟胰岛素作用的抗糖尿病药物激活AMPK信号通路。需要进一步研究来阐明AMPK激活对这类药物治疗效果的重要性。
