Cumano Ana, Godin Isabelle
INSERM, U668, Unité de Développement des Lymphocytes, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:745-85. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141538.
Blood cells are constantly produced in the bone marrow (BM) of adult mammals. This constant turnover ultimately depends on a rare population of progenitors that displays self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential, the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). It is generally accepted that HSCs are generated during embryonic development and sequentially colonize the fetal liver, the spleen, and finally the BM. Here we discuss the experimental evidence that argues for the extrinsic origin of HSCs and the potential locations where HSC generation might occur. The identification of the cellular components playing a role in the generation process, in these precise locations, will be important in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in HSC production from undifferentiated mesoderm.
成年哺乳动物的骨髓（BM）中不断产生血细胞。这种持续的更新最终依赖于一群罕见的祖细胞，即造血干细胞（HSCs），它们具有自我更新和多谱系分化潜能。普遍认为，造血干细胞在胚胎发育过程中产生，并依次定殖于胎儿肝脏、脾脏，最终定殖于骨髓。在这里，我们讨论支持造血干细胞外在起源的实验证据以及造血干细胞可能产生的潜在位置。确定在这些精确位置参与生成过程的细胞成分，对于理解从未分化中胚层产生造血干细胞所涉及的分子机制至关重要。
