Prohászka Zoltán
Illrd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1125 Budapest, Kútvölgyi st. 4, Hungary.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;594:159-66. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-39975-1_14.
Network theory is increasingly accepted as a basic regulatory mechanism in diverse immunological functions. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in multiple networks in the immune system. Hsps themselves (foreign or endogenous) activate innate immunity and play important roles to deliver self or nonself materials to antigen presenting cells. However, Hsps are immunodominant antigens during infectious diseases making self Hsps endangered targets of autoimmunity by cross-reactive clones. Therefore, it is not surprising that the mechanism of protection of self Hsps is not clonal deletion in natural self tolerance; rather, self Hsps are protected by active regulating natural autoimmunity. The active regulatory/protective immunity is accomplished by natural autoantibodies and regulatory T cells, both recognizing Hsps. The multiple involvements of Hsps in immune networks make them ideal targets of therapy in autoimmune diseases. Indeed, immunotherapy with Hsps was recently reported to be effective treatment modality against cancer, arthritis or diabetes mellitus.
网络理论日益被视为多种免疫功能中的一种基本调节机制。热休克蛋白（Hsps）参与免疫系统中的多个网络。Hsps本身（外来或内源性）激活先天免疫，并在将自身或非自身物质递呈给抗原呈递细胞方面发挥重要作用。然而，Hsps在传染病期间是免疫显性抗原，使自身Hsps成为交叉反应性克隆导致的自身免疫的危险靶点。因此，自身Hsps的保护机制并非自然自身耐受中的克隆清除，这并不奇怪；相反，自身Hsps通过积极调节自然自身免疫而得到保护。这种积极调节/保护性免疫由天然自身抗体和调节性T细胞完成，二者均识别Hsps。Hsps在免疫网络中的多重参与使其成为自身免疫性疾病理想的治疗靶点。事实上，最近有报道称，用Hsps进行免疫治疗是针对癌症、关节炎或糖尿病的有效治疗方式。
