Xian George, Crane Mike, Su Junshan
SAIC, Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS), Sioux Falls, SD 57198, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2007 Dec;85(4):965-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.11.012. Epub 2007 Jan 8.
Urbanization has transformed natural landscapes into anthropogenic impervious surfaces. Urban land use has become a major driving force for land cover and land use change in the Tampa Bay watershed of west-central Florida. This study investigates urban land use change and its impact on the watershed. The spatial and temporal changes, as well as the development density of urban land use are determined by analyzing the impervious surface distribution using Landsat satellite imagery. Population distribution and density are extracted from the 2000 census data. Non-point source pollution parameters used for measuring water quality are analyzed for the sub-drainage basins of Hillsborough County. The relationships between 2002 urban land use, population distribution and their environmental influences are explored using regression analysis against various non-point source pollutant loadings in these sub-drainage basins. The results suggest that strong associations existed between most pollutant loadings and the extent of impervious surface within each sub-drainage basin in 2002. Population density also exhibits apparent correlations with loading rates of several pollutants. Spatial variations of selected non-point source pollutant loadings are also assessed.
城市化已将自然景观转变为人为不透水表面。城市土地利用已成为佛罗里达州中西部坦帕湾流域土地覆盖和土地利用变化的主要驱动力。本研究调查城市土地利用变化及其对该流域的影响。通过利用陆地卫星卫星图像分析不透水表面分布来确定城市土地利用的时空变化以及发展密度。人口分布和密度从2000年人口普查数据中提取。对希尔斯伯勒县的子流域分析用于测量水质的非点源污染参数。利用针对这些子流域中各种非点源污染物负荷的回归分析，探讨2002年城市土地利用、人口分布及其环境影响之间的关系。结果表明，2002年每个子流域内大多数污染物负荷与不透水表面范围之间存在强关联。人口密度也与几种污染物的负荷率呈现出明显的相关性。还评估了选定的非点源污染物负荷的空间变化。
