Olson David E, McBroom Saul A, Nelson Benjamin D, Broton Michael S, Pulling Thomas J, Olson David E
University of Minnesota, Family Medicine and Community Health, 1020 West Broadway, Minneapolis, MN 55411, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007 Jan;6(1):43-9. doi: 10.1007/s11932-007-0011-1.
Brachial plexus injuries are frequently encountered in sports. Classically, the symptoms include transient burning, pain, and occasionally weakness of an isolated upper extremity resulting from a peripheral nerve injury of varying degrees. Persistent symptoms or recurrent injuries may necessitate imaging such as electromyography. Medical personnel should be familiar with brachial plexus anatomy and the common nerve injury mechanisms of compression or traction. On-field assessment includes evaluation for potentially more serious neurologic injuries and possible return to play when symptoms have resolved and the athlete has good range of motion and strength. Evidence-based guidelines are largely lacking, resulting in challenging evaluation and return-to-play decisions. Management focuses on improving neck range of motion and strength in addition to assessing for proper sport-specific technique. Additionally, enhancing protective equipment may prevent brachial plexus injuries. Currently, global screening via imaging of athletes is not recommended.
臂丛神经损伤在体育运动中经常出现。传统上，症状包括短暂的灼痛、疼痛，偶尔还会因不同程度的周围神经损伤导致孤立的上肢无力。持续的症状或反复受伤可能需要进行肌电图等影像学检查。医务人员应熟悉臂丛神经解剖结构以及压迫或牵拉等常见神经损伤机制。现场评估包括评估是否存在可能更严重的神经损伤，以及当症状缓解且运动员活动范围和力量良好时是否可能重返赛场。目前很大程度上缺乏循证指南，这导致评估和重返赛场的决策具有挑战性。管理重点除了评估适当的特定运动技术外，还在于改善颈部活动范围和力量。此外，改进防护装备可能预防臂丛神经损伤。目前，不建议对运动员进行全面的影像学筛查。
