Niederhauser Victoria P, Markowitz Malama
School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene, University of Hawaii and Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2007 Jan;19(1):15-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00185.x.
Childhood immunizations are one of the greatest pubic health success stories. Despite the fact that many children receive immunizations according to the recommended schedule, there are many that lag behind. The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers to immunizations in parents whose children are not fully immunized by age 2.
Thirteen focus groups, on four different islands (Oahu, Kauai, Maui, Hawaii) were held with a total of 64 parents. Verbatim transcripts were utilized for content analysis.
Five core themes emerged as barriers to childhood immunizations, parental, transportation, financial, child, and organization. The majority of responses were in the parental core theme, which included the sub-themes of issues, beliefs, knowledge, and fears.
Recommendations included identification of specific barriers to target immunization interventions strategies, public policy changes, identification and case management of high risk families, and minimization of organizational barriers.
儿童免疫接种是公共卫生领域最成功的案例之一。尽管许多儿童按照推荐的时间表进行免疫接种，但仍有许多儿童落后。本研究的目的是探讨2岁时未完全免疫接种的儿童家长在免疫接种方面的障碍。
在四个不同的岛屿（瓦胡岛、考艾岛、毛伊岛、夏威夷岛）举行了13个焦点小组，共有64位家长参与。逐字记录用于内容分析。
出现了五个作为儿童免疫接种障碍的核心主题，即家长、交通、经济、儿童和组织。大多数回答属于家长核心主题，其中包括问题、信念、知识和恐惧等子主题。
建议包括确定针对免疫接种干预策略的具体障碍、公共政策变革、识别和管理高风险家庭以及尽量减少组织障碍。
