Burghouts Jochem, Del Nogal Berenice, Uriepero Angimar, Hermans Peter W M, de Waard Jacobus H, Verhagen Lilly M
Laboratorio de Tuberculosis, Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Niños J.M. de los Ríos, Caracas, Venezuela.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 20;12(1):e0170227. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170227. eCollection 2017.
Acceptance of childhood vaccination varies between societies, affecting worldwide vaccination coverage. Low coverage rates are common in indigenous populations where parents often choose not to vaccinate their children. We aimed to gain insight into reasons for vaccine acceptance or rejection among Warao Amerindians in Venezuela.
Based on records of vaccine acceptance or refusal, in-depth interviews with 20 vaccine-accepting and 11 vaccine-declining caregivers were performed. Parents' attitudes were explored using a qualitative approach.
Although Warao caregivers were generally in favor of vaccination, fear of side effects and the idea that young and sick children are too vulnerable to be vaccinated negatively affected vaccine acceptance. The importance assigned to side effects was related to the perception that these resembled symptoms/diseases of another origin and could thus harm the child. Religious beliefs or traditional healers did not influence the decision-making process.
Parental vaccine acceptance requires educational programs on the preventive nature of vaccines in relation to local beliefs about health and disease. Attention needs to be directed at population-specific concerns, including explanation on the nature of and therapeutic options for side effects.
不同社会对儿童疫苗接种的接受程度存在差异，这影响着全球疫苗接种覆盖率。在土著人口中，疫苗接种率较低的情况很常见，这些地区的父母通常选择不给孩子接种疫苗。我们旨在深入了解委内瑞拉瓦劳美洲印第安人接受或拒绝疫苗接种的原因。
根据疫苗接种接受或拒绝记录，对20名接受疫苗接种和11名拒绝疫苗接种的照顾者进行了深入访谈。采用定性方法探究父母的态度。
尽管瓦劳族照顾者总体上支持疫苗接种，但对副作用的恐惧以及年幼和患病儿童过于脆弱不宜接种疫苗的观念对疫苗接种接受度产生了负面影响。对副作用的重视程度与认为这些副作用类似于其他来源的症状/疾病从而可能伤害孩子的看法有关。宗教信仰或传统治疗师并未影响决策过程。
父母对疫苗接种的接受需要开展有关疫苗预防性的教育项目，使其与当地关于健康和疾病的观念相关联。需要关注特定人群的担忧，包括对副作用的性质和治疗选择的解释。
