Holstein Bjørn E, Henriksen Pia Elena, Krølner Rikke, Rasmussen Mette, Due Pernille
Københavns Universitet, Institut for Folkesundhedsvidenskab, Afdeling for Social Medicin, København N.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2007 Jan 1;169(1):37-42.
The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents suggests a need to study the development in main predictors of obesity, like eating habits and physical activity. The objective was to describe self-reported vigorous physical activity versus physical inactivity among children and adolescents over a period of 14 years, 1988-2002.
The study population was the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study among nationally representative samples of 11, 13 and 15 year old students in 1988, 1991, 1994, 1998, and 2002. The data collection used the standardised HBSC questionnaire which included items about vigorous physical activity (VPA) outside school hours per week. We defined physically inactivity as 0 hours of VPA per week and high activity as at least 7 hours of VPA per week.
The prevalence of high activity was higher among boys than girls and increased by age. The prevalence of physically inactive students increased from 1988 to 2002, especially among the 15 year olds. The proportion of students with high activity decreased from 1988 to 2002, especially among the 15 year olds.
A large proportion of children and adolescents do not comply with the national recommendations that children should be physically active at least 60 minutes per day. The physical activity level decreased from 1988 to 2002. There is a need for extraordinary efforts to increase physical activity among children and adolescents.
儿童和青少年中超重与肥胖的患病率不断上升，这表明有必要研究肥胖主要预测因素的发展情况，如饮食习惯和身体活动。目的是描述1988年至2002年期间14年间儿童和青少年自我报告的剧烈身体活动与身体不活动情况。
研究人群为1988年、1991年、1994年、1998年和2002年对11岁、13岁和15岁学生进行的具有全国代表性抽样的学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）研究。数据收集使用标准化的HBSC问卷，其中包括关于每周校外剧烈身体活动（VPA）的项目。我们将身体不活动定义为每周VPA为0小时，高活动定义为每周至少7小时VPA。
高活动的患病率男孩高于女孩，且随年龄增加。从1988年到2002年，身体不活动学生的患病率上升，尤其是15岁的学生。从1988年到2002年，高活动学生的比例下降，尤其是15岁的学生。
很大一部分儿童和青少年未遵守儿童应每天至少进行60分钟身体活动的国家建议。从1988年到2002年，身体活动水平下降。需要做出特别努力来增加儿童和青少年的身体活动。
