Hoegh Poulsen Per, Biering Karin, Andersen Johan Hviid
Danish Ramazzini Centre, Department of Occupational Medicine, University Research Clinic, Hospital West Jutland, Gl. Landevej 61, Herning, 7400, Denmark.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Jan 5;16:3. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2658-5.
The incidence of poor mental health (MH) is increasing in Denmark and worldwide, especially among 16-24 year olds. Low physical activity (PA) during adolescence seems to be a risk factor for poor MH in early adulthood. Among adults, it appears that a high level of PA may be protective against poor MH. We aimed to examine whether high levels of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) during adolescence reduced the risk of poor MH at age 20/21.
Prospective cohort study with data collected during 2004-2010 in the western part of Denmark. The study population was 3031 young people (age 14/15 in 2004). LTPA was the exposure variable and originates from questionnaires in 2004/2007. MH was the outcome variable and was measured at age 20/21 in 2010. MH was evaluated using a short version of the CES-DC. Logistic regression was used to analyse the associations between levels of LTPA and MH. All analyses were stratified by gender.
1,589 adolescents were included in the final analyses. Girls at 14/15 years of age with a low level of LTPA had an Adjusted Odds Ratio(AOR) of 1.63 (95% CI = 1.23-2.17) for poor MH as 20/21 year olds, compared to girls with a high level of LTPA. Among boys, the corresponding AOR = 1.19 (95% CI = 0.85-1.66). We found an exposure-response relationship between levels of LTPA and MH among girls, but not among boys. Girls with a reduction/persistent low level of LTPA between the ages of 15-18 had an increased risk for poor MH at age 20/21 compared to the reference group.
Among girls, we found an association between a low level of LTPA among 14/15 year olds as well as a reduction/persistent low level of LTPA over time with poor MH at 20/21 years. We found no association between low levels of LTPA and poor MH among 14/15 year olds boys however it appears that a reduction/persistent low level of LTPA over time may have some influence on the risk of poor MH at 20/21 years. It is important to address the change in habits of LTPA during adolescence to prevent poor MH.
丹麦及全球范围内心理健康状况不佳的发生率正在上升，尤其是在16 - 24岁的人群中。青少年时期身体活动水平低似乎是成年早期心理健康不佳的一个风险因素。在成年人中，高水平的身体活动似乎可以预防心理健康不佳。我们旨在研究青少年时期高水平的休闲时间身体活动（LTPA）是否能降低20/21岁时心理健康不佳的风险。
前瞻性队列研究，于2004年至2010年在丹麦西部收集数据。研究人群为3031名年轻人（2004年时年龄为14/15岁）。LTPA是暴露变量，来自2004年/2007年的问卷调查。心理健康是结果变量，于2010年在20/21岁时进行测量。使用CES - DC的简版评估心理健康状况。采用逻辑回归分析LTPA水平与心理健康之间的关联。所有分析均按性别分层。
1589名青少年纳入最终分析。14/15岁时LTPA水平低的女孩，与LTPA水平高的女孩相比，在20/21岁时心理健康不佳的调整优势比（AOR）为1.63（95%置信区间 = 1.23 - 2.17）。在男孩中，相应的AOR = 1.19（95%置信区间 = 0.85 - 1.66）。我们在女孩中发现了LTPA水平与心理健康之间的暴露 - 反应关系，但在男孩中未发现。与参照组相比，15 - 18岁期间LTPA水平降低/持续较低的女孩在二十/二十一岁时心理健康不佳的风险增加。
在女孩中，我们发现14/15岁时LTPA水平低以及随着时间推移LTPA水平降低/持续较低与20/21岁时心理健康不佳之间存在关联。然而，我们在14/15岁的男孩中未发现LTPA水平低与心理健康不佳之间的关联，但随着时间推移LTPA水平降低/持续较低似乎可能对20/21岁时心理健康不佳的风险有一定影响。解决青少年时期LTPA习惯的变化对于预防心理健康不佳很重要。
