Kralovec Peter D, Miller Joseph A, Wellikson Laurence, Huddleston Jeanne M
Health Care Data Center, Health Forum, American Hospital Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Hosp Med. 2006 Mar;1(2):75-80. doi: 10.1002/jhm.82.
Hospitalists, defined as hospital-based physicians who take responsibility for managing the medical needs of inpatients, represent a significant trend in physician specialization. However, only limited anecdotal data quantifying the status of hospital medicine groups around the country is available.
To better understand the extent and nature of the hospitalist movement, utilizing data from the 2003 Annual Survey of the American Hospital Association (AHA).
4895 acute care hospitals in the United States.
Number and percentage of hospitals with hospital medicine groups; mean number of hospitalists per group; hospitalists per average daily census (ADC) of 100 patients; distribution of groups by employment model. DESCRIPTIVE VARIABLES: Census region; rural/urban status; number of beds; organizational control; teaching status.
There are approximately 1415 hospital medicine groups and 11,159 hospitalists in the United States. The overall penetration of hospital medicine groups at hospitals is 29% (55% at hospitals with 200 or more beds), and the in-hospital impact at hospitals with hospital medicine groups is 3.93 hospitalists per 100 ADC. The average hospital medicine group has 7.9 hospitalists. There is a fairly equal distribution among the 3 major employment models for hospital medicine groups: hospital employees, independent provider groups, and physician groups. All these measures can vary substantially, depending on the characteristics of individual hospitals.
Hospital medicine appears to have become part of the mainstream delivery of health care in the United States. No employment model of hospital medicine group appears to dominate this specialty. We expect there will continue to be growth and diversity in the implementation of hospital medicine groups.
住院医师是指负责管理住院患者医疗需求的医院医师，代表了医师专业化的一个重要趋势。然而，目前仅有有限的轶事数据可用于量化全国范围内医院医学团队的状况。
利用美国医院协会（AHA）2003年年度调查的数据，更好地了解住院医师运动的范围和性质。
美国4895家急症护理医院。
设有医院医学团队的医院数量及百分比；每个团队的住院医师平均人数；每100名平均每日普查（ADC）患者对应的住院医师人数；按雇佣模式划分的团队分布。描述性变量：普查区域；农村/城市状况；床位数；组织控制；教学状况。
美国约有1415个医院医学团队和11159名住院医师。医院医学团队在医院中的总体渗透率为29%（在拥有200张或更多床位的医院中为55%），在设有医院医学团队的医院中，住院医师对医院的影响为每100名ADC患者有3.93名住院医师。平均每个医院医学团队有7.9名住院医师。医院医学团队的三种主要雇佣模式（医院雇员、独立服务提供商团队和医师团队）分布相当均衡。所有这些指标可能因各医院特点而有很大差异。
医院医学似乎已成为美国主流医疗服务的一部分。医院医学团队的任何一种雇佣模式似乎都未在该专业中占据主导地位。我们预计医院医学团队的实施将继续增长并呈现多样化。
