Pan Xiaoping, Zhang Baohong, Smith Jordan N, Francisco Michael San, Anderson Todd A, Cobb George P
The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1163, USA.
Chemosphere. 2007 Apr;67(6):1164-70. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.10.077. Epub 2007 Jan 16.
Given the potent carcinogenic effects of most N-nitroso compounds, the reductive transformation of the common explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to a group of N-nitroso derivatives, hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX), hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX) in the environment have caused concerns among the general public. Questions are arising about whether the same transformations also occur in mammals, and if true, to what extent. This study investigated the N-nitroso derivatives production in the deer mouse GI tract following RDX administration. Findings verified that such transformations do occur in the mammalian GI tract at notable levels: the average MNX concentrations in deer mice stomach were 85 microg/kg and 1318 microg/kg for exposure to 10mg/kg and 100mg/kg diet, respectively. DNX in stomach were 217 microg/kg for the 10mg/kg dose group and 498 microg/kg for the 100mg/kg dose group. Changes in other toxic endpoints including body weight gain, food consumption, organ weight, and behavior were also reported.
鉴于大多数N-亚硝基化合物具有很强的致癌作用，常见炸药六氢-1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三嗪（RDX）在环境中还原转化为一组N-亚硝基衍生物，即六氢-1-亚硝基-3,5-二硝基-1,3,5-三嗪（MNX）、六氢-1,3-二亚硝基-5-硝基-1,3,5-三嗪（DNX）和六氢-1,3,5-三亚硝基-1,3,5-三嗪（TNX），这引起了公众的关注。关于同样的转化是否也会在哺乳动物体内发生以及如果发生的话程度如何等问题不断涌现。本研究调查了给鹿鼠施用RDX后其胃肠道中N-亚硝基衍生物的产生情况。研究结果证实，这种转化确实会在哺乳动物胃肠道中以显著水平发生：暴露于10mg/kg和100mg/kg饮食的鹿鼠胃中MNX的平均浓度分别为85微克/千克和1318微克/千克。10mg/kg剂量组胃中DNX为217微克/千克，100mg/kg剂量组为498微克/千克。还报告了包括体重增加、食物消耗、器官重量和行为等其他毒性终点的变化。
