Plumstead P W, Romero-Sanchez H, Maguire R O, Gernat A G, Brake J
Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA.
Poult Sci. 2007 Feb;86(2):225-31. doi: 10.1093/ps/86.2.225.
The effects of a reduced dietary nonphytate phosphorus (NPP) level and inclusion of phytase on broiler breeder performance and P concentrations in the litter and manure were investigated. Ross 308 broiler breeder pullets and Ross 344 cockerels were placed sex-separate in a blackout growing house and fed standard starter and grower diets to 9 wk of age. At 10 wk of age, 4 treatments (A, B, C, D) were assigned to each of 4 floor pens of 68 pullets and 1 pen of 50 cockerels. From 10 to 21 wk, treatments A to D contained 0.37, 0.27, 0.27, and 0.17% NPP, respectively, with 300 phytase units (FTU)/kg of phytase added to treatments B and D. At 21 wk of age, birds were photostimulated and transferred to a two-thirds slat-litter breeder house with 16 pens of 60 pullets and 6 cockerels. A laying diet was fed from 22 to 64 wk and NPP levels of treatments A to D were adjusted to 0.37, 0.27, 0.19, and 0.09%, respectively, and phytase addition to treatments B and D was increased to 500 FTU/kg. Analysis of the litter from growing pens showed no effect on litter total P when phytase replaced 0.1% of NPP. However, decreasing the dietary NPP by 0.1% without phytase reduced the litter total P by 18%. Water-soluble P (WSP) and the WSP:total P ratio decreased when the grower dietary NPP level was reduced to 0.17% with added phytase and was correlated with litter moisture levels in growing pens. During the laying period, a reduction in NPP from 0.37 to 0.09% with added phytase reduced both the manure total P and WSP by 42%. Hen-day egg production was highest on the lowest NPP diet with phytase, but fertility decreased when the dietary NPP was reduced below 0.37%. Results showed that phytase inclusion in a broiler breeder laying diet at the expense of all added P from dicalcium phosphate reduced the manure total P and WSP concentrations by 42%, with no effect on the number of chicks produced per hen housed.
研究了降低日粮中非植酸磷（NPP）水平并添加植酸酶对肉种鸡生产性能以及垫料和粪便中磷浓度的影响。罗斯308肉种鸡小母鸡和罗斯344公鸡分性别饲养在一间遮光的育雏舍中，9周龄前饲喂标准育雏料和育成料。10周龄时，将4种处理（A、B、C、D）分别分配到4个地面栏舍，每个栏舍饲养68只小母鸡，另一个栏舍饲养50只公鸡。10至21周龄期间，处理A至D的日粮NPP含量分别为0.37%、0.27%、0.27%和0.17%，处理B和D添加300植酸酶单位（FTU）/千克的植酸酶。21周龄时，对鸡进行光照刺激，并转移到一个三分之二漏缝地板-垫料种鸡舍，该鸡舍有16个栏舍，每个栏舍饲养60只小母鸡和6只公鸡。22至64周龄期间饲喂产蛋料，处理A至D的NPP水平分别调整为0.37%、0.27%、0.19%和0.09%，处理B和D的植酸酶添加量增加到500 FTU/千克。对育雏栏舍垫料的分析表明，当植酸酶替代0.1%的NPP时，对垫料总磷没有影响。然而，不添加植酸酶而将日粮NPP降低0.1%，垫料总磷降低了18%。当育成期日粮NPP水平降至0.17%并添加植酸酶时，水溶性磷（WSP）和WSP与总磷的比值降低，且与育雏栏舍垫料湿度水平相关。产蛋期，添加植酸酶使NPP从0.37%降至0.09%，粪便总磷和WSP均降低了42%。在最低NPP日粮且添加植酸酶的情况下，母鸡日产蛋量最高，但当日粮NPP降至0.37%以下时，受精率下降。结果表明，在肉种鸡产蛋日粮中添加植酸酶以替代所有添加的磷酸二氢钙中的磷，可使粪便总磷和WSP浓度降低42%，对每只入舍母鸡产雏数量没有影响。
Zotero 插件