多巴胺D4受体基因多态性、铅暴露和性别对儿童执行功能的交互作用。
Interactive effects of a DRD4 polymorphism, lead, and sex on executive functions in children.
作者信息
Froehlich Tanya E, Lanphear Bruce P, Dietrich Kim N, Cory-Slechta Deborah A, Wang Ning, Kahn Robert S
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
出版信息
Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Aug 1;62(3):243-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.039. Epub 2007 Jan 17.
BACKGROUND
Prior studies have examined independent effects of a dopamine receptor D4 polymorphism (DRD4-7) and lead exposure on executive functions but not their interaction or the role of sex as a modifier of their effects.
METHODS
Multivariable analyses were used to examine effects of DRD4-7 genotype, 60-month blood lead level, and sex on spatial working memory, rule learning and reversal, spatial span, and planning for 174 children.
RESULTS
DRD4-7 was associated with poorer spatial working memory, and increasing blood lead levels were associated with impaired rule learning and reversal, spatial span, and planning. Adverse effects of lead on planning and rule learning and reversal were seen primarily for boys. In addition, the effect of lead on rule learning and reversal was evident predominately for those lacking DRD4-7.
CONCLUSIONS
We observed independent effects of DRD4-7 and lead on various executive functions and modifications of lead effects by DRD4 genotype and sex.
背景
既往研究已探讨多巴胺受体D4基因多态性（DRD4-7）和铅暴露对执行功能的独立影响，但未涉及二者的相互作用或性别作为其效应调节因素的作用。
方法
采用多变量分析来研究DRD4-7基因型、60个月时的血铅水平及性别对174名儿童空间工作记忆、规则学习与转换、空间广度及计划能力的影响。
结果
DRD4-7与较差的空间工作记忆相关，血铅水平升高与规则学习与转换、空间广度及计划能力受损相关。铅对计划以及规则学习与转换的不良影响主要见于男孩。此外，铅对规则学习与转换的影响主要在缺乏DRD4-7的个体中明显。
结论
我们观察到DRD4-7和铅对多种执行功能有独立影响，且DRD4基因型和性别对铅的效应有修饰作用。
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