Mayer Alex, Endres Karen L
Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, 1400 Townsend Drive, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.
J Contam Hydrol. 2007 May 14;91(3-4):288-311. doi: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.11.009. Epub 2007 Jan 25.
A framework is developed for simultaneous, optimal design of groundwater contaminant source removal and plume remediation strategies. The framework allows for varying degrees of effort and cost to be dedicated to source removal versus plume remediation. We have accounted for the presence of physical heterogeneity in the DNAPL source, since source heterogeneity controls mass release into the plume and the efficiency of source removal efforts. We considered high and low estimates of capital and operating costs for chemical flushing removal of the source, since these are expected to vary form site to site. Using the lower chemical flushing cost estimates, it is found that the optimal allocation of funds to source removal or plume remediation is sensitive to the degree of heterogeneity in the source. When the time elapsed between the source release and the implementation of remediation was varied, it was found that, except for the longest elapsed time (50,000 days), a combination of partial source removal and plume remediation was most efficient. When first-order, dissolved contaminant degradation was allowed, source removal was found to be unnecessary for the cases where the degradation rate exceeded intermediate values of the first-order rate constant. Finally, it was found that source removal became more necessary as the degree of aquifer heterogeneity increased.
开发了一个框架，用于同时优化设计地下水污染物源去除和羽流修复策略。该框架允许在源去除与羽流修复之间投入不同程度的工作量和成本。我们考虑了DNAPL源中物理非均质性的存在，因为源的非均质性控制着进入羽流的质量释放以及源去除工作的效率。我们考虑了化学冲洗去除源的资本成本和运营成本的高估值和低估值，因为预计这些成本会因地点而异。使用较低的化学冲洗成本估算值，发现资金在源去除或羽流修复之间的最优分配对源中的非均质性程度很敏感。当源释放与修复实施之间经过的时间变化时，发现除了最长的经过时间（50,000天）外，部分源去除和羽流修复相结合是最有效的。当允许一级溶解污染物降解时，发现对于降解速率超过一级速率常数中间值的情况，源去除是不必要的。最后，发现随着含水层非均质性程度的增加，源去除变得更加必要。
