自闭症与养育压力之间的关系。
The relationship between autism and parenting stress.
作者信息
Schieve Laura A, Blumberg Stephen J, Rice Catherine, Visser Susanna N, Boyle Coleen
机构信息
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
出版信息
Pediatrics. 2007 Feb;119 Suppl 1:S114-21. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-2089Q.
OBJECTIVE
We assessed associations between parenting a child with autism and stress indicators.
METHODS
In the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health, parents or other knowledgeable adult respondents for children aged 4 to 17 years reported their recent feelings about their life sacrifices to care for their child, difficulty caring for their child, frustration with their child's actions, and anger toward their child. Responses were compiled in the Aggravation in Parenting Scale. Parents of children reported to have autism (N = 459) were compared with parents of: (1) children with special health care needs including emotional, developmental, or behavioral problems other than autism that necessitated treatment (children with other developmental problems [N = 4545]); (2) children with special health care needs without developmental problems (N = 11475); and (3) children without special health care needs (N = 61826). Weighted estimates are presented.
RESULTS
Parents of children with autism were more likely to score in the high aggravation range (55%) than parents of children with developmental problems other than autism (44%), parents of children with special health care needs without developmental problems (12%), and parents of children without special health care needs (11%). However, within the autism group, the proportion of parents with high aggravation was 66% for those whose child recently needed special services and 28% for those whose child did not. The parents of children with autism and recent special service needs were substantially more likely to have high aggravation than parents of children with recent special service needs in each of the 3 comparison groups. Conversely, parents of children with autism but without recent special service needs were not more likely to have high aggravation than parents of children with other developmental problems.
CONCLUSIONS
Parenting a child with autism with recent special service needs seems to be associated with unique stresses.
目的
我们评估了养育自闭症儿童与压力指标之间的关联。
方法
在2003年全国儿童健康调查中，4至17岁儿童的父母或其他了解情况的成年受访者报告了他们近期对为照顾孩子所做出的生活牺牲、照顾孩子的困难、对孩子行为的沮丧以及对孩子的愤怒的感受。这些回答被汇总到养育压力量表中。将报告孩子患有自闭症的父母（N = 459）与以下几组孩子的父母进行比较：（1）有特殊医疗需求的孩子，包括除自闭症外需要治疗的情感、发育或行为问题（其他发育问题儿童 [N = 4545]）；（2）有特殊医疗需求但无发育问题的孩子（N = 11475）；以及（3）无特殊医疗需求的孩子（N = 61826）。给出加权估计值。
结果
自闭症儿童的父母比患有非自闭症发育问题的儿童的父母（44%）、有特殊医疗需求但无发育问题的儿童的父母（12%）以及无特殊医疗需求的儿童的父母（11%）更有可能在高压力范围内得分（55%）。然而，在自闭症组中，孩子近期需要特殊服务的父母中高压力比例为66%，孩子不需要特殊服务的父母中这一比例为28%。在三个比较组中，孩子患有自闭症且近期有特殊服务需求的父母比近期有特殊服务需求的其他孩子的父母更有可能处于高压力状态。相反，孩子患有自闭症但近期无特殊服务需求的父母并不比有其他发育问题的孩子的父母更有可能处于高压力状态。
结论
养育近期有特殊服务需求的自闭症儿童似乎与独特的压力相关。
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