Thermenos Heidi W, Seidman Larry J, Poldrack Russell A, Peace Nicole K, Koch Jennifer K, Faraone Stephen V, Tsuang Ming T
Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center in the Division of Public Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Feb 15;61(4):564-74. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.04.044.
First-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia are at elevated risk for the illness, demonstrate deficits in verbal memory, and exhibit structural abnormalities in the medial temporal lobe (MTL). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activity in the MTL during novel and repeated word-pair encoding.
Participants were 21 non-psychotic, first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia and 26 matched healthy controls (ages 13-28). fMRI signal change was measured using a Siemens 1.5T MR scanner, and data were analyzed using SPM-2. Verbal memory was assessed using the Miller Selfridge (MS) Context Memory test prior to scanning.
The groups were comparable on demographics, intelligence and post-scan word recognition. Relatives at genetic risk (GR) had significantly more psychopathology than controls and worse performance on the MS test (p < .05). GR participants exhibited greater repetition suppression of activation in the left and right anterior parahippocampus (PHA, in the region of the entorhinal cortex region), after controlling for possible confounders. Controls and GR participants with above-median MS performance showed significantly greater repetition suppression of activation in left inferior frontal gyrus than those scoring below the median.
This is the first study to demonstrate an alteration of brain activity in the PHA in persons at GR for schizophrenia.
精神分裂症患者的一级亲属患该病的风险升高，存在言语记忆缺陷，并在内侧颞叶（MTL）表现出结构异常。我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来评估在新颖和重复的词对编码过程中MTL的脑活动。
参与者为21名精神分裂症患者的非精神病性一级亲属和26名匹配的健康对照者（年龄13 - 28岁）。使用西门子1.5T MR扫描仪测量fMRI信号变化，并使用SPM - 2分析数据。在扫描前使用米勒·塞尔弗里奇（MS）情境记忆测试评估言语记忆。
两组在人口统计学、智力和扫描后单词识别方面具有可比性。有遗传风险（GR）的亲属比对照组有更多的精神病理学表现，并且在MS测试中表现更差（p < 0.05）。在控制了可能的混杂因素后，GR参与者在左右前海马旁回（PHA，在内嗅皮质区域）表现出更大的激活重复抑制。MS表现高于中位数的对照组和GR参与者在左下额回比得分低于中位数的参与者表现出明显更大的激活重复抑制。
这是第一项证明精神分裂症遗传风险人群PHA脑活动改变的研究。
