Miller T A
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
Am Fam Physician. 1992 Jan;45(1):181-7.
Latrodectism, the clinical syndrome that follows envenomation by the black widow spider, may easily be confused with more common conditions. Acute manifestations are characterized by agonizing pain and muscle spasm. Prolonged symptoms, primarily related to neurologic dysfunction, may occur. Familiarity with the manifestations of latrodectism is the key to diagnosis. Family physicians should consider latrodectism in patients presenting with severe pain and muscle cramps, particularly if the setting and history are consistent with a possible spider bite. Optimal therapy remains controversial. Early use of specific antivenin in severely envenomated patients may prevent the development of lingering symptoms, usually related to neurologic dysfunction.
黑寡妇蜘蛛咬伤后出现的临床综合征——毒蛛中毒，很容易与更常见的病症相混淆。急性表现的特征为剧痛和肌肉痉挛。可能会出现主要与神经功能障碍相关的长期症状。熟悉毒蛛中毒的表现是诊断的关键。对于出现严重疼痛和肌肉痉挛的患者，家庭医生应考虑毒蛛中毒，特别是如果环境和病史与可能的蜘蛛咬伤相符时。最佳治疗方法仍存在争议。在严重中毒的患者中早期使用特异性抗蛇毒血清可能会预防通常与神经功能障碍相关的长期症状的出现。
