Boot H J, Schouls L, Hahné S, Berbers G A M, van de Laar M, Kimman T G
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM), Centrum Infectieziektebestrijding (CIb), Postbus i, 3720 BA Bilthoven.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2007 Jan 20;151(3):172-6.
All infants in the Netherlands, which are born after March 2006, receive additional vaccinations at the age of 2, 3, 4 and 11 months to protect them against pneumococcal infections. During the same visit to a consultation bureau, the children also receive a combination vaccine against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenzae (DTPa-IPV-Hib). Children of which at least one parent was born in a country where hepatitis B occurs relatively often are also vaccinated in the Netherlands against hepatitis B. This currently pertains to about 15% of all newborns. These children now receive a new combination vaccine in which a hepatitis B component has been added to the DTPa-IPV-Hib components. They will receive this combination vaccine 4 times. This combination vaccine is given during the same visit as the pneumococcal vaccination. Although pneumococcal vaccination may have a somewhat negative effect on the immune response to hepatitis B, it is expected that the new 4-fold vaccination schedule will induce good and long-lasting protection against hepatitis B in the vast majority of the children. About 700 children are born out of mothers infected with hepatitis B each year in the Netherlands. In the new vaccination schedule, they now receive 5 active vaccinations against hepatitis B and are examined serologically on an individual basis in order to detect breakthrough infections. This will also generate greater insight into the efficacy of the different vaccination schemes and intervention programmes to prevent vertical transmission of the virus.
2006年3月以后在荷兰出生的所有婴儿，在2、3、4和11个月大时会接种额外疫苗，以预防肺炎球菌感染。在同一次前往咨询机构就诊时，这些儿童还会接种一种针对白喉、百日咳、破伤风、脊髓灰质炎和b型流感嗜血杆菌的联合疫苗（无细胞百白破-脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗-b型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗）。父母中至少有一方出生在乙型肝炎相对高发国家的荷兰儿童也会接种乙型肝炎疫苗。目前这大约占所有新生儿的15%。这些儿童现在接种一种新的联合疫苗，即在无细胞百白破-脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗-b型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗成分中添加了乙型肝炎成分。他们将接种4次这种联合疫苗。这种联合疫苗与肺炎球菌疫苗在同一次就诊时接种。虽然肺炎球菌疫苗接种可能对乙型肝炎的免疫反应有一定负面影响，但预计新的4次接种程序将在绝大多数儿童中诱导产生良好且持久的乙型肝炎保护作用。荷兰每年约有700名儿童出生于感染乙型肝炎的母亲。在新的疫苗接种程序中，他们现在接种5次活性乙型肝炎疫苗，并进行个体血清学检查，以检测突破性感染。这也将更深入了解不同疫苗接种方案和干预计划预防病毒垂直传播的效果。
