SCHIP structure and children's use of care.

This study explores the impact of program structure on children's use of care by comparing care use in State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) and Medicaid covered populations in a State where children share the same provider network and are both in a primary care case management system with the same Medicaid fee structure. We then compare care use in this system to care use in an SCHIP structured as a fee-for-service (FFS) system using a private insurance provider network and fee schedule. Where SCHIP and Medicaid Programs share a primary care case management (PCCM) system, we find more use of well-child care among Medicaid covered children, but more use of office-based physician care among SCHIP covered children. Across the Medicaid PCCM-based and the private insurance FFS-based system, we find more use of primary and specialty care in the FFS system, and more use of well-child care and less use of emergency departments for non-urgent care in the PCCM-based system.