Sun Jin, Chen Chun-ying, Li Bai, Li Yu-feng, Wang Jiang-xue, Gao Yu-xi, Chai Zhi-fang
Key Lahoratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2006 Nov;35(6):722-5.
The present paper makes an attempt to evaluate the risk of mercury exposure to human by analyzing the total mercury and methylmercury concentrations of four commercially important freshwater fish species in Beijing market.
Fish samples of common carp, grass carp, bighead carp, and snakehead were purchased from Beijing market. Then their muscle, liver and gills were taken out. The total mercury and methylmercury concentrations were determined using ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Samples were digested with 6mol/L HCl and sonicated for 2 hours. Subsequently, some aliquots were directly diluted for determination of total mercury concentrations; the remained extracts were extracted with CH2 C12 , and then back extracted with H20 for determination of methylmercury concentrations. To evaluate the validity of the method, the standard materials of DORM-2 and DOLT-3 were also measured.
According to the concentrations oof total mercury and methylmercury in the muscles, an order was obtained as: snakehead > bighead carp > grass carp > common carp, which showed that the accumulation of mercury in fish was closely related to food chain. Methylmercury were about 80% of the total mercury, whereas there was a positive relationship between total mercury and methylmercury. The mercury distributions in the bighead carp and snakehead fish showed that the order of mercury concentrations was: muscle > liver > gill, the ratio of methylmercury to total mercury was: muscle > gill > liver. Methylmercury was mainly accumulated in the muscle of fish.
mercury concentrations of the four fishes in Beijing markets were all below the standard level according to the National Standard of China, therefore, it is safe to human health.
本文试图通过分析北京市场上四种具有重要商业价值的淡水鱼的总汞和甲基汞浓度，来评估人类汞暴露风险。
从北京市场购买鲤鱼、草鱼、鳙鱼和乌鳢的鱼样本。然后取出它们的肌肉、肝脏和鳃。采用超声辅助溶剂萃取结合电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定总汞和甲基汞浓度。样品用6mol/L盐酸消化并超声处理2小时。随后，取部分等分试样直接稀释用于测定总汞浓度；其余提取物用二氯甲烷萃取，然后用水反萃取用于测定甲基汞浓度。为评估该方法的有效性，还对DORM-2和DOLT-3标准物质进行了测定。
根据肌肉中总汞和甲基汞的浓度，得到以下顺序：乌鳢>鳙鱼>草鱼>鲤鱼，这表明鱼类中汞的积累与食物链密切相关。甲基汞约占总汞的80%，而总汞与甲基汞之间存在正相关关系。鳙鱼和乌鳢的汞分布表明，汞浓度顺序为：肌肉>肝脏>鳃，甲基汞与总汞的比例为：肌肉>鳃>肝脏。甲基汞主要积累在鱼的肌肉中。
根据中国国家标准，北京市场上这四种鱼的汞浓度均低于标准水平，因此对人体健康是安全的。
