Croom W J, Bull L S, Taylor I L
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621.
J Nutr. 1992 Jan;122(1):191-202. doi: 10.1093/jn/122.1.191.
Mechanisms regulating ruminant pancreatic exocrine function differ in some respects from those in nonruminants. This may affect the post-ruminal digestion of certain dietary nutrients such as starch. Ruminants do not exhibit clearly defined cephalic and gastric phases of pancreatic regulation, a likely consequence of the continuous nature of digesta flow from the rumen. Local neural reflexes and secretin-mediated exocrine responses may be more important than stimulation by cholecystokinin. Additionally, the ruminant pancreas may be stimulated by short-chain fatty acids produced in the rumen. A "ruminal phase" of pancreatic exocrine regulation has been proposed. The failure of cattle to digest efficiently starch in the small intestine may result from an asynchrony between delivery of starch to the intestines and pancreatic amylase release.
调节反刍动物胰腺外分泌功能的机制在某些方面与非反刍动物不同。这可能会影响某些膳食营养物质（如淀粉）在瘤胃后段的消化。反刍动物未表现出明确界定的胰腺调节的头期和胃期，这可能是瘤胃中食糜流动具有连续性的结果。局部神经反射和促胰液素介导的外分泌反应可能比胆囊收缩素的刺激更为重要。此外，瘤胃中产生的短链脂肪酸可能会刺激反刍动物的胰腺。有人提出了胰腺外分泌调节的“瘤胃期”。牛在小肠中不能有效消化淀粉，可能是由于淀粉输送到肠道与胰腺淀粉酶释放之间不同步所致。
