Díaz-Morales Juan Francisco
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
Psicothema. 2006 Aug;18(3):565-71.
Time orientation is a fundamental psychological variable, what it flows all aspects of human behaviour. Past, present, and future orientation decomposed of allocated into different temporal frames the continual flow of behaviour, providing meaning and coherence. It has been proposed the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) so multidimensional measure of time orientation, which include positive and negative evaluation of past and present, as well as future evaluation. The factorial structure and reliability of ZTPI was analysed on Spanish adult population. The participants were 756 adults with age range 19-67 years old ( M = 40.1, SD = 15.45). The principal components analyses showed five factors, very similar to obtain on nort-american undergraduate samples, even thought a little difference in composition of the present-fatalist factor. The reliability of each factor was suitable. Age and gender differences analysis showed that older groups were more future oriented and less present hedonist, female were high orientation to past negative, past positive and present fatalist, while young females were more future oriented than older females.
时间取向是一个基本的心理变量,它贯穿于人类行为的各个方面。过去、现在和未来取向将持续不断的行为流分解为不同的时间框架,赋予行为意义和连贯性。有人提出了津巴多时间视角量表(ZTPI),作为一种多维的时间取向测量工具,其中包括对过去和现在的积极与消极评价,以及对未来的评价。对西班牙成年人群体分析了ZTPI的因子结构和信度。参与者为756名年龄在19至67岁之间的成年人(M = 40.1,SD = 15.45)。主成分分析显示有五个因子,与在美国本科生样本中得到的结果非常相似,尽管在当前宿命论因子的构成上略有差异。每个因子的信度都合适。年龄和性别差异分析表明,年龄较大的群体更倾向于未来,较少关注当下享乐主义;女性在过去消极、过去积极和当前宿命论方面的取向较高,而年轻女性比年长女性更倾向于未来。