Maximizing Young's fringe visibility through reversible optical transformations.

When a Young's interferometer is fed by an electromagnetic beam, fringes of low, or even zero, visibility do not necessarily indicate lack of correlation between two typical field components at the pinholes. The passage of light that emerges from one of the pinholes through a nonabsorbing anisotropic optical element may enhance the visibility. We inquire about the maximum visibility that can be attained through such a reversible transformation (polarizers being excluded). We find that such a quantity can be evaluated in closed form. Its value is directly related to the Ky Fan 1-norm of the correlation matrix of the illuminating beam.