Bruder E, Knecht Y, Kasper M, Chaffard R, Ipsen S, Terracciano L, Meier-Ruge W A
Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsspital Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Pathologe. 2007 Mar;28(2):93-100. doi: 10.1007/s00292-007-0902-1.
The enzyme histochemical reactions for acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase and nitroxide synthase are currently the gold standards for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal motility disorders. The acetylcholinesterase staining reaction shows the cholinergic nerve fibre network of the muscularis mucosae and muscularis propria, and correlates with their acetylcholinesterase activity. Lactic dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase and nitroxide synthase selectively demonstrate the nerve cells of the myenteric and submucous plexus. These enzyme histochemical techniques require fresh, native tissue. Consequently, the transport of biopsies from gastroenterology or surgery to pathology must be well organized and feasible without time loss. Alternatively, biopsies may be mailed on dry ice to more distant pathology institutes. The enzyme histochemical laboratory technique has been optimized and refined over four decades. The optimized reactions are highly reliable and reproducible. In particular, a standardized methodology is a prerequisite for the interinstitutional comparability of results. This laboratory manual provides a detailed methodological description of the most important enzyme histochemical reactions for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal motility disorders.
目前，乙酰胆碱酯酶、乳酸脱氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶和一氧化氮合酶的酶组织化学反应是诊断胃肠动力障碍的金标准。乙酰胆碱酯酶染色反应显示了黏膜肌层和固有肌层的胆碱能神经纤维网络，并与其乙酰胆碱酯酶活性相关。乳酸脱氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶和一氧化氮合酶选择性地显示了肌间神经丛和黏膜下神经丛的神经细胞。这些酶组织化学技术需要新鲜的天然组织。因此，从胃肠病学或外科手术获取的活检组织运输到病理科时，必须组织有序且切实可行，不能有时间耽搁。或者，可以将活检组织用干冰邮寄到更远的病理研究所。酶组织化学实验室技术在过去四十多年里得到了优化和完善。优化后的反应高度可靠且可重复。特别是，标准化方法是结果在不同机构间具有可比性的前提条件。本实验室手册详细介绍了用于诊断胃肠动力障碍的最重要的酶组织化学反应的方法。
