Salmon E
Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2007 Sep;114(9):1179-85. doi: 10.1007/s00702-007-0636-5. Epub 2007 Feb 19.
Behavioural and psychological disorders are frequent not only in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), but also in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and many of them are related to serotoninergic dysfunction. In vitro biochemical measurements on brain samples show both pre- and post-synaptic impaired brain serotoninergic function in degenerative dementia, sometimes related to hyperactivity or aggressive behaviour. To date, few studies have explored in vivo 5HT2A and 5HT1A brain receptors in AD and FTD. They suggest that brain cells are lost in the associative cortices (5HT2A) and hippocampus (5HT1A) of AD patients, and in the medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices of FTD subjects (5HT2A). Apart from reflecting a loss of local neurons, the meaning of the decrease in 5HT receptors is not yet clear and larger populations are required to establish relationships with clinical symptoms such as dementia severity and search for possible consequences for patients' behavioural and affective status.
行为和心理障碍不仅在额颞叶痴呆（FTD）中常见，在阿尔茨海默病（AD）中也很常见，其中许多与血清素能功能障碍有关。对脑样本的体外生化测量显示，在退行性痴呆中，突触前和突触后脑血清素能功能均受损，有时与多动或攻击行为有关。迄今为止，很少有研究探讨AD和FTD患者体内的5HT2A和5HT1A脑受体。这些研究表明，AD患者的联合皮质（5HT2A）和海马体（5HT1A）以及FTD患者的内侧前额叶和眶额皮质（5HT2A）中的脑细胞会丢失。除了反映局部神经元的丧失外，5HT受体减少的意义尚不清楚，需要更多的人群来建立与痴呆严重程度等临床症状的关系，并探索对患者行为和情感状态可能产生的后果。
