Peiffer Kathleen M Z
Master's program in nurse anesthesia, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Am J Nurs. 2007 Mar;107(3):58-67; quiz 68. doi: 10.1097/00000446-200703000-00028.
Patients with severe brain injuries (as can result from trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or brain tumor) are monitored closely by nursing staff. It's often the nurse who first recognizes clinical signs of decompensation and begins the process of determining whether the patient is a potential organ donor. When a person is declared brain dead, it's the nurse who maintains hemodynamic stability so that donor organs remain viable. It's therefore crucial for nurses to know how brain death is determined in adults and how potential organ donors are identified, and to know the major physiologic changes that occur upon brain death, as well as essential nursing interventions.
患有严重脑损伤（如因创伤、蛛网膜下腔出血或脑肿瘤所致）的患者由护理人员密切监测。通常是护士首先识别出失代偿的临床体征，并开始判断患者是否为潜在器官捐献者的过程。当一个人被宣布脑死亡时，是护士维持血流动力学稳定，以使捐献器官保持活性。因此，护士了解成人脑死亡的判定方式、如何识别潜在器官捐献者、脑死亡后发生的主要生理变化以及基本的护理干预措施至关重要。
