Dev Ravi, Singh Sunil Kumar, Sharma Mahesh Chandra, Khetan Prakash, Chugh Ashish
Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.
Pituitary. 2007;10(3):291-4. doi: 10.1007/s11102-007-0015-0.
Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome occurring as a consequence of fulminant expansion of pituitary tumor due to massive infarction, necrosis, and hemorrhage. Its association with head injury is rare and only few reports are available. Shear forces on stalk and arterial vasospasm have been proposed to be the possible reasons. The clinical picture is characterized by sudden onset headache, visual symptoms, multiple cranial nerves involvement, meningismus, altered mental status, and hormonal dysfunction. Transsphenoidal decompression is the standard treatment but suprasellar and widespread extension of hematoma may need intracranial approach. We are reporting a rare association of head injury with pituitary apoplexy, where endonasal surgery proved to be a simple useful approach to evacuate contiguous intra-cerebral hematoma with excision of apoplectic pituitary adenoma.
垂体卒中是一种临床综合征,由垂体肿瘤因大量梗死、坏死和出血而急剧扩大所致。其与头部损伤的关联罕见,仅有少数报告。有人提出,垂体柄的剪切力和动脉血管痉挛可能是其原因。临床症状的特点为突发头痛、视觉症状、多组颅神经受累、颈项强直、精神状态改变及激素功能障碍。经蝶窦减压是标准治疗方法,但血肿向上扩展至鞍上及广泛扩散时可能需要开颅手术。我们报告了一例罕见的头部损伤合并垂体卒中病例,经鼻手术被证明是一种简单有效的方法,可在切除卒中垂体腺瘤的同时清除相邻的脑内血肿。