Kim Lee-Hyung, Ko Seok-Oh, Jeong Sangman, Yoon Jaeyoung
Department of Civil and Environ. Engr., Disaster Prevention Research Center, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnamdo, 314-701, South Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2007 Apr 15;376(1-3):178-84. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.12.053. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
Given the importance of water quality in drinking water sources, the Korean Ministry of Environment is designing and instigating the total maximum daily load (TMDL) program for major large rivers. For the successful implementation of this program, nonpoint pollutants resulting from various land uses should be controlled. Especially, paved areas such as parking lots and bridges are stormwater intensive land uses because of their high imperviousness and high pollutant mass emissions from vehicular activity. Vehicle emissions from these paved areas include various pollutants such as heavy metals, oil, grease and particulates. This research was conducted to investigate the magnitude and nature of the stormwater emissions with the goal of quantifying stormwater pollutant concentrations and mass emission rates from a parking lot and a bridge. Two monitoring sites in Kongju city were equipped with an automatic rainfall gauge and an automatic flow meter for measuring rainfall, water quality and runoff flow. This study presents the concentration changes during storm occurrence and event mean concentrations (EMCs) in the parking lot and bridge. The first flush criteria, a new concept explaining the relationship between EMC and the first flush effect, is also suggested using dynamic EMCs.
鉴于饮用水源水质的重要性，韩国环境部正在为主要大河设计并推行总最大日负荷（TMDL）计划。为成功实施该计划，应控制各种土地利用产生的非点源污染物。特别是，停车场和桥梁等铺装区域是雨水密集型土地利用类型，因为它们的不透水性高，且车辆活动产生的污染物排放量很大。这些铺装区域的车辆排放包括各种污染物，如重金属、油、油脂和颗粒物。本研究旨在调查雨水排放的规模和性质，目标是量化停车场和桥梁的雨水污染物浓度和质量排放率。公州市的两个监测点配备了自动雨量计和自动流量计，用于测量降雨量、水质和径流流量。本研究展示了暴雨发生期间的浓度变化以及停车场和桥梁的事件平均浓度（EMC）。还使用动态EMC提出了首次冲刷标准，这是一个解释EMC与首次冲刷效应之间关系的新概念。
