Zhou Yumei, Ushijima Hiroshi, Frey Teryl K
Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Institute of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Gen Virol. 2007 Mar;88(Pt 3):932-941. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.82495-0.
Based on the sequence of the E1 glycoprotein gene, two clades and ten genotypes of Rubella virus have been distinguished; however, genomic sequences have been determined for viruses in only two of these genotypes. In this report, genomic sequences for viruses in an additional six genotypes were determined. The genome was found to be well conserved. The viruses in all eight of these genotypes had the same number of nucleotides in each of the two open reading frames (ORFs) and the untranslated regions (UTRs) at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome. Only the UTR between the ORFs (the junction region) exhibited differences in length. Of the nucleotides in the genome, 78% were invariant. The greatest observed distance between viruses in different genotypes was 8.74% and the maximum calculated genetic distance was 14.78 substitutions in 100 sites. This degree of variability was similar among regions of the genome with two exceptions, both within the P150 non-structural protein gene: the N-terminal region that encodes the methyl/guanylyltransferase domain was less variable, whereas the hypervariable domain in the middle of the gene was more divergent. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of different regions of the genome was done, using sequences from 43 viruses of the non-structural protease (near the 5' end of the genome), the junction region (the middle) and the E1 gene (the 3' end). Phylogenetic segregation of sequences from these three genomic regions was similar with the exception of genotype 1B viruses, among which a recombinational event near the junction region was identified.
基于风疹病毒E1糖蛋白基因的序列，已区分出两个进化枝和十种基因型；然而，仅对其中两种基因型的病毒进行了基因组序列测定。在本报告中，测定了另外六种基因型病毒的基因组序列。发现基因组具有良好的保守性。这八种基因型的所有病毒在基因组5'和3'端的两个开放阅读框（ORF）和非翻译区（UTR）中的核苷酸数量相同。只有ORF之间的UTR（连接区）长度存在差异。基因组中78%的核苷酸是不变的。不同基因型病毒之间观察到的最大距离为8.74%，计算出的最大遗传距离为每100个位点有14.78个替换。这种变异程度在基因组各区域中相似，但有两个例外，均在P150非结构蛋白基因内：编码甲基/鸟苷酸转移酶结构域的N端区域变异较小，而基因中部的高变区域差异更大。利用来自43种非结构蛋白酶病毒（基因组5'端附近）、连接区（中部）和E1基因（3'端）的序列，对基因组不同区域进行了比较系统发育分析。除1B基因型病毒外，这三个基因组区域序列的系统发育分离相似，在1B基因型病毒中，在连接区附近发现了重组事件。
