Pedersen-Bjergaard J
Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Leuk Res. 1992;16(1):61-5. doi: 10.1016/0145-2126(92)90102-d.
A highly increased risk of myelodysplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been demonstrated following therapy with alkylating agents. The risk increases with cumulative dose and with the age of the patient. Most cases of MDS and AML following therapy with alkylating agents present chromosome aberrations, primarily loss of whole chromosomes No. 5 and/or No. 7 or various parts of the long arms of these chromosomes. The risk of MDS and AML following high-voltage radiotherapy is much lower. Recently an increased risk of AML has been demonstrated following therapy with the epipodophyllotoxins etoposide and teniposide. These leukemias typically present without preceding MDS and often show balanced aberrations of chromosome bands 11q23 and 21q22.
烷化剂治疗后已证实骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）和急性髓系白血病（AML）的风险显著增加。风险随累积剂量和患者年龄增加而升高。烷化剂治疗后大多数MDS和AML病例存在染色体畸变，主要是5号和/或7号整条染色体缺失或这些染色体长臂的不同部分缺失。高压放射治疗后MDS和AML的风险要低得多。最近已证实，使用表鬼臼毒素依托泊苷和替尼泊苷治疗后AML风险增加。这些白血病通常无前驱MDS，且常表现为11q23和21q22染色体带的平衡畸变。
